A group of nurses are learning about the high incidence and prevalence of anemia among different populations. Which individual is most likely to have anemia?

A 13-year-old female who has just experienced menarche

An 81-year-old female who has chronic heart failure

A 48-year-old male who travels extensively and has a high-stress job

A 50-year-old female who is going through menopause

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: A 13-year-old female post-menarche may develop iron deficiency anemia due to menstrual blood loss, but this is less common unless heavy bleeding occurs. Adolescents generally have good iron stores unless dietary intake is poor, making anemia less likely compared to older adults with chronic conditions.

Choice B reason: An 81-year-old female with chronic heart failure is most likely to have anemia due to chronic disease, common in the elderly. Heart failure causes reduced tissue perfusion, inflammation, and possible renal impairment, all contributing to decreased erythropoiesis and anemia, making this the highest-risk profile.

Choice C reason: A 48-year-old male with a high-stress job may have mild anemia if stress affects diet or causes gastrointestinal bleeding, but this is less common. Without specific risk factors like blood loss or nutritional deficiency, his anemia risk is lower than that of an elderly patient with chronic illness.

Choice D reason: A 50-year-old female in menopause is less likely to have anemia, as cessation of menstruation reduces iron loss. While perimenopause may cause irregular bleeding, postmenopausal women typically have lower anemia risk unless other factors, like nutritional deficiencies or chronic diseases, are present.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Acknowledging the client’s relief does not educate them about the TIA’s significance. TIAs indicate transient cerebral ischemia, increasing stroke risk, but this response fails to address the need for risk modification, missing an opportunity to promote preventive measures critical for stroke prevention.

Choice B reason: Stating that TIA symptoms resolve within 24 hours is factually correct but does not emphasize the serious nature of TIAs as stroke precursors. Without addressing risk reduction, this response fails to educate the client on the need for lifestyle changes or medical intervention to prevent future events.

Choice C reason: Saying all TIA patients will develop a stroke is inaccurate, as not all progress to stroke. TIAs significantly increase stroke risk, but many can be prevented with proper management. This response is overly fatalistic and does not encourage proactive risk reduction strategies.

Choice D reason: Explaining that a TIA is a warning sign and discussing risk reduction educates the client about its significance as a transient cerebral ischemia event, increasing stroke risk. This response promotes lifestyle changes, medication adherence, and medical follow-up, empowering the client to prevent future strokes effectively.

A. The client’s urinary catheter became occluded B. The client’s analgesia regimen was recently changed C. The client was not repositioned during the night shift D. The client received a blood transfusion

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: An occluded urinary catheter is the most likely trigger for autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injury above T6. Bladder distension stimulates sympathetic overactivity, causing hypertension and bradycardia. This noxious stimulus below the injury level disrupts autonomic regulation, making catheter occlusion a common precipitant of this condition.

Choice B reason: A changed analgesia regimen is unlikely to cause autonomic dysreflexia. Pain may contribute to discomfort, but dysreflexia typically results from visceral stimuli like bladder or bowel distension. Analgesia changes do not directly trigger the sympathetic overresponse characteristic of this life-threatening condition.

Choice C reason: Failure to reposition may cause pressure injuries but is less likely to precipitate autonomic dysreflexia. While discomfort from immobility can contribute, visceral stimuli like catheter occlusion are more direct triggers, as they strongly activate the sympathetic nervous system below the spinal injury level.

Choice D reason: A blood transfusion is not a common cause of autonomic dysreflexia. Transfusions may cause reactions like fever, but dysreflexia results from stimuli like bladder distension. Transfusion-related complications do not typically trigger the autonomic overresponse seen in spinal cord injury patients with dysreflexia.

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A group of nurses are learning about the high incidence and prevalence of anemia among different populations. Which individual is most likely to have anemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who has experienced an initial transient ischemic attack (TIA) states: “I’m glad it wasn’t anything serious.” Which is the best nursing response to this statement?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client who suffered a spinal cord injury is experiencing an exaggerated autonomic response. What aspect of the client’s current health status is most likely to have precipitated this event?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with Addison's disease comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. When assessing this client, the nurse should stay alert for signs and symptoms of:

A client with a neurological disorder has difficulty swallowing. The nurse should take special care with the client’s diet because of a potential risk of imbalanced nutrition. Which measure may be taken by the nurse to ensure that the client’s diet allows for easy swallowing?

A client has been taking tricyclic antidepressants for many years for the treatment of depression. The client has developed SIADH and has been admitted to the acute care facility. What should the nurse carefully monitor when caring for this client? (Select all that apply)

A client is brought by ambulance to the ED after experiencing what the family thinks is a stroke. The nurse caring for this client is aware that which is an absolute contraindication for thrombolytic therapy?

The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The client asks the nurse what they can do to help prevent sickle cell crisis. What would be an appropriate answer to this client?

A client who is in the third trimester of pregnancy has been experiencing an exacerbation of iron-deficiency anemia in recent weeks. When providing the client with nutritional guidelines and meal suggestions, what foods would be most likely to increase the client’s iron stores?