A group of nurses are learning about the high incidence and prevalence of anemia among different populations. Which individual is most likely to have anemia?

A 13-year-old female who has just experienced menarche

An 81-year-old female who has chronic heart failure

A 48-year-old male who travels extensively and has a high-stress job

A 50-year-old female who is going through menopause

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: A 13-year-old female post-menarche may develop iron deficiency anemia due to menstrual blood loss, but this is less common unless heavy bleeding occurs. Adolescents generally have good iron stores unless dietary intake is poor, making anemia less likely compared to older adults with chronic conditions.

Choice B reason: An 81-year-old female with chronic heart failure is most likely to have anemia due to chronic disease, common in the elderly. Heart failure causes reduced tissue perfusion, inflammation, and possible renal impairment, all contributing to decreased erythropoiesis and anemia, making this the highest-risk profile.

Choice C reason: A 48-year-old male with a high-stress job may have mild anemia if stress affects diet or causes gastrointestinal bleeding, but this is less common. Without specific risk factors like blood loss or nutritional deficiency, his anemia risk is lower than that of an elderly patient with chronic illness.

Choice D reason: A 50-year-old female in menopause is less likely to have anemia, as cessation of menstruation reduces iron loss. While perimenopause may cause irregular bleeding, postmenopausal women typically have lower anemia risk unless other factors, like nutritional deficiencies or chronic diseases, are present.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Hyperthermia is not a primary risk in SIADH. This condition involves excessive ADH, leading to water retention and hyponatremia, not temperature dysregulation. Hyperthermia may occur in infections or neurological conditions, but it is not directly related to the fluid overload characteristic of SIADH pathophysiology.

Choice B reason: Peripheral neurovascular dysfunction is not a primary concern in SIADH. The condition causes water retention, leading to dilutional hyponatremia and potential cerebral edema, not vascular or nerve issues in the extremities. Peripheral dysfunction is more associated with conditions like diabetes mellitus or vascular disease.

Choice C reason: Ineffective airway clearance is not directly linked to SIADH. While severe hyponatremia could cause neurological symptoms like seizures, airway clearance issues are more typical in respiratory conditions. SIADH primarily affects fluid balance, leading to water overload, not mucus production or airway obstruction risks.

Choice D reason: Excess fluid volume is the primary risk in SIADH due to excessive ADH, which promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to fluid overload and dilutional hyponatremia. This can cause symptoms like edema, hypertension, and, in severe cases, cerebral edema, making it the most critical concern.

A. Homonymous hemianopsia B. Receptive aphasia C. Hemiplegia D. Agnosia

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Homonymous hemianopsia causes loss of half the visual field, affecting object recognition due to visual impairment, not cognitive processing. The client’s need to inspect clothing to identify it suggests a sensory processing deficit, not a visual field loss, making agnosia more likely.

Choice B reason: Receptive aphasia impairs language comprehension, affecting the ability to understand spoken or written words, not object recognition. The client’s ability to identify clothing by inspection, not language, points to a sensory processing issue, ruling out aphasia as the primary impairment.

Choice C reason: Hemiplegia, or paralysis of one side, affects movement, not object recognition. The client’s difficulty identifying clothing is cognitive, not motor, as they can manipulate items but need visual inspection to understand them, indicating agnosia rather than a physical impairment like hemiplegia.

Choice D reason: Agnosia, a post-stroke impairment, prevents recognition of objects despite intact sensory input. The client’s need to inspect clothing to identify it suggests visual agnosia, where the brain fails to process familiar objects, matching the described behavior and indicating a perceptual deficit from stroke.

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A group of nurses are learning about the high incidence and prevalence of anemia among different populations. Which individual is most likely to have anemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is being cared for on the critical care unit. The client with this condition is most at risk for which of the following?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assisting a client who had a recent stroke with getting dressed for physical therapy. The client looks at each piece of clothing before putting it on the body. The client states, “This is how I know what item I am holding.” What impairment is this client likely experiencing?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with a history of diabetes insipidus seeks medical attention for an exacerbation of symptoms. Which laboratory finding indicates to the nurse that the client has been restricting fluids in an attempt to control the symptoms?

A client has been placed on corticosteroid therapy for Addison's disease. The nurse should be aware of which of the following side effects associated with this type of therapy? (Select all that apply)

A client sustained a head injury as a result of trauma. The health care provider has instituted seizure prophylactic measures. The nurse anticipates which specific measures being initiated for this client?

A nurse is caring for a client with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Which finding would indicate that the client has developed fluid overload?

A client has just been diagnosed with an aneurysm. When planning discharge teaching for this client, what instructions should the nurse provide to the client?

A preceptor discussing stroke with a new nurse on the unit would tell the new nurse that which cardiac dysrhythmia is associated with cardiogenic embolic strokes?

A nurse is completing discharge teaching for the client who has left-sided hemiparesis following a stroke. When investigating the client’s home environment, the nurse should focus on which nursing diagnosis?

The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of sickle cell disease (SCD). Which finding indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing a liver complication from this condition?