A group of older adults in an assisted living facility are talking about one of the residents who fell and fractured her hip. The residents ask a nurse the following: "It seems like so many of us fall and break our hips, and then it is downhill from there. Is this really true?" in formulating a response, the nurse considers which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Women have significantly higher mortality rates from hip fractures than do men

Hip fractures are associated with very high morbidity and mortality.

Hip fractures are a leading cause of hospitalization for older people

Nearly all older patients who sustain a hip fracture will regain prefracture mobility status within 1 year.

The major cause of hip fractures is falls

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

A. Women have significantly higher mortality rates from hip fractures than do men.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Women, particularly older women, tend to have higher mortality rates associated with hip fractures compared to men. This is partly because women are more prone to osteoporosis, a condition that increases the risk of fractures.

B. Hip fractures are associated with very high morbidity and mortality.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Hip fractures can have significant consequences, including increased morbidity and mortality. Complications, such as infections, immobility-related issues, and other medical conditions, can contribute to the overall impact on health.

C. Hip fractures are a leading cause of hospitalization for older people.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Hip fractures are a common reason for hospitalization among older adults. The severity of the injury often requires medical intervention, surgery, and rehabilitation.

D. Nearly all older patients who sustain a hip fracture will regain prefracture mobility status within 1 year.
Explanation: This statement is not accurate. While many older patients can regain some mobility with appropriate rehabilitation, not all will regain their prefracture mobility status. The extent of recovery varies among individuals and depends on factors such as overall health, comorbidities, and the severity of the fracture.

E. The major cause of hip fractures is falls.
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Falls are a major cause of hip fractures in older adults. Understanding and addressing factors contributing to falls are essential in preventing hip fractures.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Constipation.

Explanation: Constipation is a common side effect of opioid medications like morphine. Older adults, particularly those on bed rest or with reduced mobility, are already at an increased risk of constipation. Morphine further contributes to this risk by slowing down bowel motility. Preventive measures such as promoting adequate hydration, encouraging fiber intake, and considering stool softeners can help prevent constipation in this scenario.

B. Poor solid food intake.

Explanation: While monitoring and addressing poor solid food intake are important for overall nutritional status, it may not be the immediate priority related to morphine use and postoperative care.

C. Poor liquid intake.

Explanation: Ensuring adequate fluid intake is important for overall hydration, but constipation is a more specific and immediate concern associated with opioid use.

D. Diarrhea.

Explanation: Diarrhea is not a common side effect of morphine and is less likely to be the priority for preventive care in this situation. Constipation is a more anticipated concern when opioids are prescribed.

A. Hospice care B. Home care services C. Health care setting D. Invasive procedures

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hospice care.

Explanation: Both Medicare Part A and Part B cover hospice care, and hospice care is not a fundamental difference between the two parts.

B. Home care services.

Explanation: Both Medicare Part A and Part B cover certain home care services. While the specific services covered may vary, home care services are not a fundamental difference between the two parts.

C. Health care setting.

Explanation: Medicare Part A and Part B cover different aspects of healthcare and are designed for different health care settings.

Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance): Primarily covers inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing facility care, hospice care, and some home health care services. It is generally associated with institutional settings.

Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance): Covers outpatient care, preventive services, doctor visits, and some home health care services. It is more focused on services provided in non-institutional settings.

D. Invasive procedures.

Explanation: Both Medicare Part A and Part B cover various medical services, including invasive procedures. The nature of procedures covered may differ, but it is not a fundamental difference distinguishing between Part A and Part B.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An older adult who is on bed rest after surgery is prescribed morphine for pain. Which of the following is the nurse's priority for preventive care?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which is the fundamental difference between Medicare Part A and Medicare Part B?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A 79-year-old client resides independently in the community. The visiting home health nurse finds that despite it being 90°F outside, the windows are closed and the client is wearing a sweater. The nurse initially recognizes that this behavior may be related to what?

An older client is admitted to the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. The client has a court appointed conservator who manages her finances. The nurse understands what fact about the situation?

A client care assistant has been assigned to feed your female client with dysphagia. Which of the following instructions would you give the assistant? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse should encourage which of the following exercise(s) to assist with balance for a client who is at high risk for falls? (Select all that apply.

A health care provider asks the nurse about an older adult client's durable power of attorney (POA) because consent is needed for a medically necessary invasive procedure. The client has end-stage disease, is intubated, and is on mechanical ventilation. Which steps should the nurse implement?

A resident's family member is concerned that the resident is not eating adequately and is at risk for malnutrition. The family member says to a nurse, "I heard that there are drugs that can make my mother eat better. Do you think she should be on one?" What is the best response by the nurse?

The nurse assesses an older adult's cognitive status using a standard assessment instrument. Which of the following are cognitive assessment tools? (Select all that apply.)