A group of older adults in an assisted living facility are talking about one of the residents who fell and fractured her hip. The residents ask a nurse the following: "It seems like so many of us fall and break our hips, and then it is downhill from there. Is this really true?" in formulating a response, the nurse considers which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Women have significantly higher mortality rates from hip fractures than do men

Hip fractures are associated with very high morbidity and mortality.

Hip fractures are a leading cause of hospitalization for older people

Nearly all older patients who sustain a hip fracture will regain prefracture mobility status within 1 year.

The major cause of hip fractures is falls

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

A. Women have significantly higher mortality rates from hip fractures than do men.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Women, particularly older women, tend to have higher mortality rates associated with hip fractures compared to men. This is partly because women are more prone to osteoporosis, a condition that increases the risk of fractures.

B. Hip fractures are associated with very high morbidity and mortality.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Hip fractures can have significant consequences, including increased morbidity and mortality. Complications, such as infections, immobility-related issues, and other medical conditions, can contribute to the overall impact on health.

C. Hip fractures are a leading cause of hospitalization for older people.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Hip fractures are a common reason for hospitalization among older adults. The severity of the injury often requires medical intervention, surgery, and rehabilitation.

D. Nearly all older patients who sustain a hip fracture will regain prefracture mobility status within 1 year.
Explanation: This statement is not accurate. While many older patients can regain some mobility with appropriate rehabilitation, not all will regain their prefracture mobility status. The extent of recovery varies among individuals and depends on factors such as overall health, comorbidities, and the severity of the fracture.

E. The major cause of hip fractures is falls.
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Falls are a major cause of hip fractures in older adults. Understanding and addressing factors contributing to falls are essential in preventing hip fractures.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)

Explanation: HIPAA, enacted in 1996, focuses on protecting the privacy and security of individuals' health information. While it is essential in healthcare, it is not directly connected to the nursing home reform mandated by the 1987 law.

B. OASIS (Outcome and Assessment Information Set)

Explanation: OASIS is a set of standardized assessments used in home health care, primarily for Medicare-certified home health agencies. It is not directly connected to the nursing home reform mandated by the 1987 law.

C. Fulmer SPICES

Explanation: Fulmer SPICES is a tool used for assessing common geriatric syndromes, but it is not specifically associated with the nursing home reform mandated by the 1987 law.

D. Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI).

Explanation: The Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) is associated with nursing home reform mandated by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1987. OBRA '87 established regulations and standards for nursing homes, including requirements for comprehensive assessments, care planning, and quality of care. The RAI, specifically the Minimum Data Set (MDS), is a standardized assessment tool used to evaluate the health status and needs of nursing home residents, ensuring a consistent and comprehensive approach to resident assessment and care planning.

A. The conservator will function in the same capacity as a health care proxy B. This client does not have the capacity to give informed consent for any procedures C. The presence of a conservator does not mean the client cannot give informed consent D. The needs to provide all educational materials to the conservator instead of the client

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The conservator will function in the same capacity as a health care proxy.
Explanation: A conservator and a health care proxy serve different roles. A conservator is appointed by a court to manage financial affairs, while a health care proxy is designated to make medical decisions on behalf of the individual if they are unable to do so. These roles are not interchangeable.

B. This client does not have the capacity to give informed consent for any procedures.
Explanation: The presence of a conservator alone does not automatically indicate a lack of capacity to give informed consent. Capacity for making healthcare decisions is determined on an individual basis and may vary depending on the client's cognitive and decision-making abilities.

C. The presence of a conservator does not mean the client cannot give informed consent.
Explanation: Having a court-appointed conservator to manage finances does not automatically imply that the client lacks the capacity to provide informed consent for medical procedures. The ability to make healthcare decisions, including giving informed consent, is distinct from financial capacity. Even if a conservator is appointed for financial matters, the client may still have the capacity to participate in decisions related to their health and medical treatment.

D. The nurse needs to provide all educational materials to the conservator instead of the client.
Explanation: Educational materials related to the client's healthcare should be provided directly to the client whenever possible. While the conservator may be involved in financial matters, the client should still receive relevant information regarding their health and medical care.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which one of the following is connected with the nursing home reform mandated by a 1987 law?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

An older client is admitted to the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. The client has a court appointed conservator who manages her finances. The nurse understands what fact about the situation?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In reviewing an older adult's insurance history, you find that he is on Medicaid. What do you know that Medicaid is used for?

Which recommendations for daily food intake is correct for older adults according to the MyPlate for Older Adults? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse assesses the quality of which of the following patient characteristics when applying the Get-Up-and-Go test from the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model?

To prevent malnutrition in older clients with dementia, which of the following would benefit your client? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following statements is true about conservators?

A health care provider asks the nurse about an older adult client's durable power of attorney (POA) because consent is needed for a medically necessary invasive procedure. The client has end-stage disease, is intubated, and is on mechanical ventilation. Which steps should the nurse implement?