To prevent malnutrition in older clients with dementia, which of the following would benefit your client? (Select all that apply.)

A. Night lights

Explanation: Night lights can enhance visibility during nighttime, reducing the risk of falls. The nurse may actually recommend using night lights strategically to illuminate pathways, especially in areas like hallways and bathrooms.

B. Excess clutter

Explanation: Excess clutter on floors can increase the risk of tripping and falling. Removing or organizing clutter helps create a safer environment for the older adult.

C. Loose carpeting on the floors

Explanation: Loose or wrinkled carpeting poses a tripping hazard. The nurse may recommend securing or replacing loose carpeting to prevent falls.

D. Railings on the stairway

Explanation: Railings on stairways are important safety features that provide support and stability. The nurse would likely recommend maintaining or installing railings to enhance stair safety.

E. The use of a cane

Explanation: If prescribed by a healthcare professional, the use of a cane can improve stability and balance for an older adult. The nurse may not recommend eliminating the use of a cane but may instead ensure that the client is using it correctly and that it is in good condition.

A. Defecation less than once each day is not necessarily constipation.

Explanation: The frequency of bowel movements varies among individuals, and defecating less than once each day does not necessarily indicate constipation. Normal bowel habits can differ, and what is considered regular for one person may not be the same for another. Constipation is better assessed by considering other factors such as stool consistency, straining during bowel movements, and feelings of incomplete evacuation.

B. Leaking liquid feces should be treated as diarrhea.

Explanation: Leaking liquid feces may be indicative of diarrhea, but it is not the only factor to consider. The cause of diarrhea should be investigated, and treatment will depend on the underlying reason, which may include infections, medications, or other medical conditions.

C. Mineral oil is recommended as a laxative for the older adult.

Explanation: Mineral oil is generally not recommended as a laxative for older adults. It can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and may have adverse effects. There are other safer and more effective laxative options that healthcare providers may recommend.

D. Excessive sleep can be a symptom of constipation.

Explanation: Excessive sleep is not typically considered a symptom of constipation. Constipation is more commonly associated with symptoms such as infrequent bowel movements, difficulty passing stool, and abdominal discomfort. Sleep disturbances may have various causes, but they are not a direct symptom of constipation.