A home health nurse is caring for a client who is receiving antibiotics via a central venous access device (CVAD). Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent infection?
Instruct the client to change the end caps of the CVAD daily.
Use clean technique when administering medication.
Clean blood spills on hard surfaces with isopropyl alcohol
Use disposable equipment whenever possible.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Instruct the client to change the end caps of the CVAD daily: Changing the end caps daily is not recommended because frequent manipulation can increase the risk of contamination. End caps should be changed per agency protocol or when visibly soiled or compromised.
B. Use clean technique when administering medication: Medication administration through a CVAD requires sterile technique—not just clean technique—to prevent the introduction of microorganisms into the bloodstream, which can lead to sepsis.
C. Clean blood spills on hard surfaces with isopropyl alcohol: While isopropyl alcohol is useful for small disinfectant tasks, blood spills should be cleaned with a disinfectant effective against bloodborne pathogens, such as a bleach-based solution, to ensure complete decontamination.
D. Use disposable equipment whenever possible: Using disposable equipment minimizes cross-contamination and is a key strategy in preventing healthcare-associated infections. This is particularly important in home care settings where sterilization capabilities are limited.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "What are your hopes and plans for the future?" This question helps assess the client's coping and outlook, which is important in grief counseling, but it does not directly provide information about the client's support systems.
B. "How long did you know the person who died?" This question explores the depth and duration of the relationship, which can help gauge the intensity of grief. However, it does not provide insight into who the client relies on now for emotional or practical support.
C. "Have you thought about harming yourself?" This is a critical safety question to assess for suicidal ideation, which should always be asked if there are concerns about the client’s mental health. However, it does not identify support systems; rather, it screens for immediate risk.
D. "What do others do for you that helps you the most?" This question directly explores the actions of support persons and reveals who is actively providing emotional or practical assistance. It helps the nurse understand the client's support network and the quality of that support, making it the best option for assessing support systems.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Community organizations: Community organizations fall under the “social and community context” domain of social determinants of health. They influence social support, civic participation, and interpersonal relationships, but are not considered a component of the physical environment.
B. Level of education: Level of education is categorized under the “education access and quality” domain. It encompasses early childhood education, literacy, and higher education, which are important for long-term health outcomes but not part of the built environment.
C. Quality of housing: Quality of housing is a key element of the “neighborhood and built environment” domain. It directly affects physical health and safety through exposure to hazards such as lead, mold, and inadequate heating or ventilation. Poor housing conditions are linked to higher rates of chronic illness and injury.
D. Health insurance coverage: Health insurance coverage is part of the “health care access and quality” domain. It affects an individual’s ability to seek medical services but is unrelated to the physical or structural aspects of a neighborhood’s environment.
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