A mother reports that her 4-month-old infant is lethargic, sleeps 18 hours a day, and snores. The nurse recognizes these signs are characteristic of what?
Hyperthyroidism
Tay-Sachs disease
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Hypothyroidism
The Correct Answer is D
A. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism is characterized by weight loss, insomnia, increased heart rate, irritability, and tremors, which are the opposite of the signs described in this case. Lethargy and excessive sleep are more typical of hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism.
B. Tay-Sachs disease: Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that affects the nervous system, leading to developmental regression and symptoms like muscle weakness, loss of motor skills, and seizures. It does not typically present with lethargy and excessive sleep.
C. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 diabetes typically presents with symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, and fatigue. While fatigue is common in type 1 diabetes, lethargy and excessive sleep, especially in a 4-month-old, are not indicative of it.
D. Hypothyroidism: Hypothyroidism in infants can cause symptoms like lethargy, excessive sleep, snoring, poor feeding, and weight gain. It is a common condition in infants and can result in delayed development if left untreated.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I realize I will be taking this medication for the rest of my life": This statement shows the patient’s understanding of the lifelong nature of treatment for hypothyroidism. It does not indicate a problem with the effectiveness of the medication.
B. "I will not skip doses of my medication": Consistency in taking levothyroxine is important for maintaining thyroid hormone levels and effective management of hypothyroidism. Skipping doses would decreaseeffectiveness
C. "I take my medication as soon as I awake with a cup of coffee with cream and sugar": Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach, 30-60 minutes before eating or drinking anything except water. Taking it with coffee, cream, and sugar can interfere with the absorption of the medication, potentially reducing its effectiveness.
D. "I take my medication as soon as I awake, and wait 30 minutes before I eat or drink anything": This is the appropriate way to take levothyroxine. Waiting 30 minutes before eating or drinking other than water ensures that the medication is fully absorbed by the body.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Decreases: Exercise increases the body's sensitivity to insulin, allowing cells to use glucose more effectively. As a result, a diabetic patient may need less insulin after exercise to maintain normal blood glucose levels.
B. Increases: Exercise generally lowers the body's insulin requirements, not increases them. This is because exercise improves insulin sensitivity, making it easier for the body to manage glucose.
C. Remains unchanged: Exercise has a significant physiological impact on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. To maintain optimal blood glucose control, the insulin regimen is often lowered, in conjunction with a regular exercise program.
D. Is changed to regular insulin: Exercise does not specifically require a change to regular insulin. Exercise can affect the overall amount of insulin needed, but it does not necessarily require a change in the type of insulin used.
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