The patient comes to the emergency room with dry hot skin, fruity breath, and deep respirations and is complaining of abdominal pain. The nurse interprets these signs and symptoms as:

diabetic ketoacidosis

hypoglycemia

rebound hyperglycemia

an insulin reaction

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): DKA occurs when there is a lack of insulin, and the body starts breaking down fat for fuel, producing ketones. This leads to fruity breath, deep respirations (Kussmaul breathing), and dry, hot skin due to dehydration.

B. Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia presents with shakiness, sweating, and dizziness, but it does not cause fruity breath or deep respirations. These symptoms are more typical of DKA, which involves metabolic acidosis and abnormal respiratory patterns.

C. Rebound hyperglycemia: Rebound hyperglycemia, or the Somogyi effect, results from low blood sugar during the night, leading to a counter-regulatory hormone response. It does not cause fruity breath or deep respirations, which are characteristic of DKA.

D. An insulin reaction: An insulin reaction usually refers to hypoglycemia, characterized by symptoms like shakiness, sweating, and confusion. It does not explain the abdominal pain, fruity breath, or deep respirations, all indicative of DKA.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "This test detects antithyroid antibodies in your blood.": While antithyroid antibodies are measured in some thyroid disorders (like Hashimoto's thyroiditis), the TSH test specifically measures the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone produced by the pituitary gland.

B. "This test measures the amount of thyroid hormone that attaches to a protein in your blood.": TSH levels do not measure thyroid hormone bound to proteins; rather, TSH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates the production of thyroid hormones.

C. "This test measures the absorption of iodine and how it relates to the thyroid gland.": The TSH test does not measure iodine absorption. A radioactive iodine uptake test is used for assessing iodine absorption by the thyroid gland.

D. "The test determines whether your thyroid gland is overactive, appropriately active, or underactive.": The TSH test is used to assess thyroid function. The test helps determine whether the thyroid is working appropriately or if there is a dysfunction.

A. The patient has recently received a raise and a promotion at work. B. The patient has recently lost their job and their mother has recently been diagnosed with breast cancer. C. The patient has recently changed their bedtime routine and now is getting 7-8 hours of sleep each night. D. The patient has recently lost 10 lbs because they have modified their dietary intake and began walking 1-2 miles each day.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The patient has recently received a raise and a promotion at work: Positive life events, such as a raise or promotion, are less likely to cause significant worsening of symptoms. Positive changes are generally less impactful than negative stressors on thyroid conditions.

B. The patient has recently lost their job and their mother has recently been diagnosed with breast cancer: Losing a job and dealing with a loved one's serious illness can lead to significant stress, which can contribute to increased thyroid hormone production and worsen hyperthyroid symptoms.

C. The patient has recently changed their bedtime routine and now is getting 7-8 hours of sleep each night: Adequate rest (7-8 hours per night) is beneficial for overall health, including thyroid function. Consistent sleep routine can help improve symptoms of Graves' disease.

D. The patient has recently lost 10 lbs because they have modified their dietary intake and began walking 1-2 miles each day: Exercise and weight loss from healthy lifestyle changes (diet and walking) are generally beneficial and can improve symptoms of Graves' disease.

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The patient comes to the emergency room with dry hot skin, fruity breath, and deep respirations and is complaining of abdominal pain. The nurse interprets these signs and symptoms as:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a blood test to measure her thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Which of the following statements should the nurse give?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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