A newly diagnosed teenage girl with scoliosis asks the nurse what is Cobb’s angle? You know the nurse’s answer is correct when she says this:

Cobb’s angle is used as a pain management for scoliosis

Cobb’s angle is part of the treatment used to treat scoliosis

Cobb’s angle helps identify teens at risk for scoliosis

Cobb’s angle is the measurement used to evaluate the amount of curvature in the spine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Cobb’s angle is not used for pain management in scoliosis. It is a diagnostic measurement of spinal curvature on X-rays, quantifying the degree of lateral deviation. Pain management involves therapies like bracing or surgery, unrelated to this measurement tool.

Choice B reason: Cobb’s angle is not a treatment for scoliosis but a diagnostic tool. It measures the angle of spinal curvature on radiographs to assess severity and guide treatment decisions, such as bracing or surgery, making this statement inaccurate.

Choice C reason: Cobb’s angle does not identify teens at risk for scoliosis but evaluates existing curvature in diagnosed cases. Screening tools, like the forward bend test, identify risk, while Cobb’s angle quantifies confirmed spinal deformity, making this choice incorrect.

Choice D reason: Cobb’s angle is the standard measurement for scoliosis, calculated on X-rays by intersecting lines from the most tilted vertebrae, quantifying lateral spinal curvature in degrees. It determines severity (e.g., mild, moderate, severe) and guides treatment, making this the correct definition.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Vomiting typically leads to metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis. It causes loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach, reducing hydrogen ion concentration in the blood. This elevates blood pH above 7.45, as the body retains bicarbonate. The kidneys attempt to compensate by excreting excess bicarbonate, but this does not result in metabolic acidosis, making this choice incorrect.

Choice B reason: Thiazide diuretics increase sodium and water excretion, which can lead to mild metabolic alkalosis due to increased bicarbonate reabsorption in the kidneys. They do not cause a loss of bicarbonate or accumulation of acids, which are necessary for metabolic acidosis. Thus, this choice is incorrect as it does not contribute to an acidic blood state.

Choice C reason: Salicylate intoxication, such as from aspirin overdose, causes metabolic acidosis by increasing acid production. Salicylates stimulate the respiratory center, leading to hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis initially, but they also disrupt mitochondrial function, causing lactic acid accumulation. This lowers blood pH below 7.35, meeting the criteria for metabolic acidosis, making this choice correct.

Choice D reason: Diarrhea results in significant bicarbonate loss through the stool, as the intestines secrete bicarbonate to neutralize gastric acid. This loss reduces the blood’s buffering capacity, lowering pH below 7.35, indicative of metabolic acidosis. The body may attempt to compensate via hyperventilation to reduce CO2, but the primary issue is bicarbonate depletion, making this choice correct.

A. Increased length of postoperative care in the health care facility B. Reduced postoperative respiratory function C. Reduced postoperative anxiety D. Increase in postoperative pain

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Preoperative teaching aims to optimize recovery, not increase postoperative care duration. By clarifying procedures and expectations, teaching reduces complications, promoting shorter hospital stays, making this outcome contrary to the goals of effective preoperative education.

Choice B reason: Reduced postoperative respiratory function is not a desired outcome. Preoperative teaching, including breathing exercises, aims to enhance respiratory function, preventing complications like atelectasis or pneumonia, making this outcome incorrect for the goals of preoperative education.

Choice C reason: Preoperative teaching reduces postoperative anxiety by educating the client about the procedure, recovery, and expectations, lowering stress hormone release (e.g., cortisol). This promotes psychological preparedness, improving coping and recovery, making it a primary and expected outcome of effective teaching.

Choice D reason: Increased postoperative pain is not an outcome of preoperative teaching. Teaching includes pain management strategies, aiming to reduce pain perception and improve comfort, making this outcome contrary to the educational goal of enhancing postoperative recovery and patient experience.

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A newly diagnosed teenage girl with scoliosis asks the nurse what is Cobb’s angle? You know the nurse’s answer is correct when she says this:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the medical records of four clients who have an acid-base imbalance. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients is at risk for metabolic acidosis?

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing preoperative teaching for a client. Which of the following outcomes should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has an order for Congentin 2 mg tablet 2x a day. The client asks the nurse for the possible side effects of this medication. (Select all that apply)

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed alprazolam, a benzodiazepine for managing severe manifestations of anxiety. Which of the following should the nurse prepare to discuss with the client?

Which finding in the medical record indicates a client has good control of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

The nurse provides care to a patient who is mechanically ventilated. Which nursing action is most effective in decreasing the risk for aspiration?

Which statement by the nursing assistant indicates the need for further teaching regarding infection control measures for patients with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)?

A nurse is caring for a client who presents to an outpatient treatment center seeking help for gambling. After performing an intake assessment, the nurse should identify which of the following statements by the client as a sign of a gambling addiction?

A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from a femur fracture sustained in a motor-vehicle crash. Their partner died in the collision. Which of the following client statements would indicate that the client is experiencing avoidance symptoms?