A nurse assisting with a staff in-service is discussing aspiration. Which of the following descriptions should the nurse include in the teaching as a manifestation dysphagia

Coughing, choking gagging, and drooling food

Swallowing more than once after taking a bite of food

Swallowing liquid immediately after taking a sip of a beverage

Highly sensitive gag reflex

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Coughing, choking, gagging, and drooling food: These are hallmark signs of dysphagia and possible aspiration. Difficulty swallowing can lead to aspiration of food or liquids into the airway, triggering protective reflexes like coughing and gagging.

B. Swallowing more than once after taking a bite of food: While this can be associated with difficulty swallowing, it is a subtle sign and not as clearly indicative of aspiration as choking or coughing.

C. Swallowing liquid immediately after taking a sip of a beverage: This reflects normal swallowing mechanics and does not indicate dysphagia.

D. Highly sensitive gag reflex: A strong gag reflex is actually a protective mechanism and not a sign of dysphagia. A diminished gag reflex would be more concerning.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Rectum: The rectum is the final part of the GI tract where waste is stored before elimination; it is not the starting point.

B. Stomach: The stomach is an intermediate organ in the digestion process; food reaches it after the mouth and esophagus.

C. Small intestine: The small intestine is involved in nutrient absorption but is not the starting point.

D. Mouth: Digestion begins in the mouth, where mechanical breakdown by chewing and chemical digestion by saliva start the digestive process.

A. "The end of the stoma will be painful after this procedure." B. "You will have a stoma in your left lower abdomen." C. "You should expect your stoma to be a purple color." D. "Your colostomy produce watery stool.”

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "The end of the stoma will be painful after this procedure.": The stoma has no nerve endings, so it should not be painful, although the abdominal incision may be sore.

B. "You will have a stoma in your left lower abdomen.": A sigmoid colostomy is typically located in the LLQ (left lower quadrant) of the abdomen.

C. "You should expect your stoma to be a purple color.": A healthy stoma should be pink to red and moist; purple may indicate poor perfusion.

D. "Your colostomy will produce watery stool.” This would be true for an ileostomy. A sigmoid colostomy typically produces formed stool.

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A nurse assisting with a staff in-service is discussing aspiration. Which of the following descriptions should the nurse include in the teaching as a manifestation dysphagia

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