A nurse at the public health department is participating in the development of emergency response plans for their community.
Obtain standing orders to treat infected individuals with ciprofloxacin
Teach heath care workers how to distinguish the disease from chickenpox
Vaccinate laboratory workers against the disease.
Perform routine screening to identify infected animals.
Implement routine vaccination for the disease for the general public population
Correct Answer : B,C
Rationale for Correct Choices:
- Teach healthcare workers how to distinguish the disease from chickenpox: Smallpox and chickenpox may initially present with similar rash-like symptoms. Rapid and accurate recognition by healthcare workers is critical to implement isolation protocols and prevent further transmission in a bioterrorism event.
- Vaccinate laboratory workers against the disease: Laboratory workers who may handle specimens suspected of containing smallpox virus are at high occupational risk. Pre-exposure vaccination is appropriate for these individuals to protect them during diagnostic and investigative procedures.
Rationale for Incorrect Choices:
- Obtain standing orders to treat infected individuals with ciprofloxacin: Ciprofloxacin is not effective against smallpox, which is caused by a virus. Using an antibiotic would not provide benefit unless there were bacterial complications. The preferred antiviral agent for smallpox is tecovirimat (TPOXX).
- Perform routine screening to identify infected animals: Smallpox does not occur in animals; it has no animal reservoir. Screening animals would not contribute to disease surveillance or prevention and is not a necessary step in smallpox preparedness.
- Implement routine vaccination for the disease for the general public population: Routine smallpox vaccination was stopped decades ago after global eradication. In a bioterrorism scenario, targeted vaccination (ring vaccination) would be used rather than mass immunization.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Consulting with the provider throughout a client's course of treatment: Consulting with providers is a collaborative practice that supports coordinated care and is a standard professional responsibility, not typically a liability concern for case managers.
B. Providing recommendations to a client about alternatives to treatments prescribed by their provider: Making treatment recommendations without proper authorization or outside the scope of practice can lead to liability issues. Case managers must avoid advising clients to alter prescribed treatments and instead facilitate communication between clients and providers.
C. Verifying a provider's licensure before referring the client to them: Verifying licensure ensures the provider’s credentials are valid and protects clients from unqualified practitioners. This is a standard safety practice and does not pose liability for the case manager.
D. Determining a client's literacy level before providing advance directive documents:
Assessing literacy helps tailor education and ensures client understanding, which supports informed decision-making and reduces liability risks related to inadequate communication. This is a prudent nursing action, not a liability concern.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Primary prevention: This strategy aims to prevent the onset of disease or injury before it occurs. By educating adolescents on the dangers of smoking, the nurse is promoting behaviors that reduce the risk of starting tobacco use, thereby preventing potential health issues like cancer or cardiovascular disease.
B. Tertiary prevention: This involves managing and reducing complications in individuals who already have a disease. The nurse is not treating or managing existing health issues related to smoking but is trying to prevent tobacco use entirely.
C. Screening: Screening identifies individuals who may have a disease or risk factor early on. No diagnostic or early detection efforts are involved in this educational session.
D. Case findings: Case finding involves actively identifying individuals with a specific condition, often through outreach or assessment. The nurse is not identifying smokers or tobacco-related illness in this scenario.
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