A nurse cares for several clients with anemia and notes that all the clients have different types of anemia. What is the nurse’s best understanding of how anemias are classified, based on the deficiency of erythrocytes? (Select all that apply)
Defective production of erythrocytes
Destruction of erythrocytes
Loss of erythrocytes
Shape of erythrocytes
Quantity of erythrocytes
Correct Answer : A,B,C
Reasoning:
Choice A reason: Defective production of erythrocytes is a key classification of anemia, as seen in conditions like aplastic anemia or iron deficiency anemia. Impaired bone marrow function or nutrient deficiencies reduce red blood cell synthesis, leading to decreased hemoglobin and oxygen-carrying capacity, a common mechanism in various anemias.
Choice B reason: Destruction of erythrocytes, or hemolysis, is a major anemia classification. Conditions like hemolytic anemia cause premature red blood cell breakdown due to immune-mediated destruction, membrane defects, or hemoglobinopathies, reducing circulating erythrocytes and causing anemia despite normal or increased bone marrow production.
Choice C reason: Loss of erythrocytes through bleeding is a primary anemia classification. Chronic or acute blood loss from gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or traumatic sources depletes red blood cells and iron stores, leading to iron deficiency anemia, a common cause, particularly in older adults or those with chronic bleeding.
Choice D reason: Shape of erythrocytes is not a primary classification for anemia. While abnormal shapes, like sickle cells, contribute to specific anemias (e.g., sickle cell anemia), classification focuses on mechanisms like production, destruction, or loss. Shape is a characteristic, not a primary cause of anemia.
Choice E reason: Quantity of erythrocytes is a consequence, not a classification, of anemia. All anemias involve reduced erythrocyte counts, but the classification is based on underlying causes—defective production, destruction, or loss—not the resulting low quantity, which is a defining feature rather than a mechanistic category.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Reasoning:
Choice A reason: Iron deficiency anemia is a risk post-gastric bypass due to reduced stomach acid and bypassed duodenum, impairing iron absorption. Pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, further reduces acid, exacerbating malabsorption. Fatigue results from low hemoglobin, as iron is essential for red blood cell production, matching the client’s profile.
Choice B reason: Aplastic anemia, caused by bone marrow failure, is not linked to gastric bypass or pantoprazole. It results from autoimmune, toxic, or idiopathic causes, leading to pancytopenia. The client’s surgical history and medication use point to malabsorption, not bone marrow suppression, ruling out this anemia.
Choice C reason: Sickle cell anemia is an inherited hemoglobinopathy, not related to gastric bypass or pantoprazole. It causes hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive crises, not malabsorption-related fatigue. The client’s surgical history suggests an acquired nutritional deficiency, making iron deficiency more likely than sickle cell disease.
Choice D reason: Pernicious anemia results from vitamin B12 deficiency, often due to lack of intrinsic factor, which may occur post-gastric bypass. However, pantoprazole primarily impairs iron absorption, and fatigue with this history points to iron deficiency, as B12 absorption is less affected in this scenario.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Reasoning:
Choice A reason: Homonymous hemianopsia causes loss of half the visual field, affecting object recognition due to visual impairment, not cognitive processing. The client’s need to inspect clothing to identify it suggests a sensory processing deficit, not a visual field loss, making agnosia more likely.
Choice B reason: Receptive aphasia impairs language comprehension, affecting the ability to understand spoken or written words, not object recognition. The client’s ability to identify clothing by inspection, not language, points to a sensory processing issue, ruling out aphasia as the primary impairment.
Choice C reason: Hemiplegia, or paralysis of one side, affects movement, not object recognition. The client’s difficulty identifying clothing is cognitive, not motor, as they can manipulate items but need visual inspection to understand them, indicating agnosia rather than a physical impairment like hemiplegia.
Choice D reason: Agnosia, a post-stroke impairment, prevents recognition of objects despite intact sensory input. The client’s need to inspect clothing to identify it suggests visual agnosia, where the brain fails to process familiar objects, matching the described behavior and indicating a perceptual deficit from stroke.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.