The physician orders a 1,800-calorie diabetic diet and 40 units of Humulin N insulin (an intermediate-acting insulin) administered subcutaneously @ 0700 for a patient with diabetes mellitus. A mid-afternoon snack of milk and crackers is given to
prevent diabetic coma
improve nutrition
improve carbohydrate metabolism
prevent an insulin reaction
The Correct Answer is D
A. Prevent diabetic coma: A diabetic coma (such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state) is not the primary concern related to insulin administration. It is associated with severe hyperglycemia, not with the need for a snack to balance insulin action.
B. Improve nutrition: While the snack may help with overall nutrition, it is not primarily intended to improve nutrition in this scenario. The goal is to maintain blood sugar levels within a safe range, particularly after insulin administration.
C. Improve carbohydrate metabolism: The primary goal of the mid-afternoon snack is not to directly impact carbohydrate metabolism. The snack is designed to maintain glucose levels after insulin has been administered.
D. Prevent an insulin reaction: The snack is likely provided to prevent hypoglycemia or an insulin reaction (low blood sugar). Humulin N insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin, and its peak action occurs several hours after administration. The snack helps prevent low blood sugar by providing a source of glucose to balance the insulin effect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Abdomen: The abdomen has the fastest and most consistent absorption rate for subcutaneous insulin due to its rich blood supply and less subcutaneous fat. This rapid absorption is often desirable to achieve faster and more predictable absorption.
B. Hips: The hips (or buttocks) have a slower absorption rate compared to the abdomen and are not the preferred site for insulin injection due to the relatively lower blood flow in this area.
C. Thighs: Insulin injected into the thighs also has a slower absorption rate compared to the abdomen. This area is typically used for insulin injections when other sites need to be rotated but is not the fastest for absorption.
D. Arms: The arms (specifically the posterior upper arm) provide a good site for insulin injection, with absorption generally being faster than from the thighs or hips but still slower than from the abdomen. It's a useful site for rotation but not the quickest for absorption.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Cholelithotomy: This procedure is performed to remove gallstones (cholelithiasis), which is unrelated to hyperthyroidism. It does not address the treatment needs for a client with hyperthyroidism.
B. Radiation of thyroid: One common treatment for hyperthyroidism, particularly in Graves' disease, is radioactive iodine therapy. The radioactive iodine is used to destroy overactive thyroid tissue, which helps to reduce the production of thyroid hormones.
C. Whipple procedure: The Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy) is a surgery typically used for pancreatic cancer or other conditions affecting the pancreas. It is not a treatment for hyperthyroidism.
D. Administration of oral thyroid hormone: Oral thyroid hormone (such as levothyroxine) is used to treat hypothyroidism. For hyperthyroidism, treatments focus on reducing thyroid hormone production, such as using radioactive iodine or antithyroid medications.
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