A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who is postmenopausal and has risk factors for osteoporosis. The nurse anticipates the client will be prescribed which of the following medications?
Raloxifene hydrochloride
Levothyroxine
Escitalopram oxalate
Calcitonin
The Correct Answer is A
A. Raloxifene hydrochloride is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that is used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It helps to prevent bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures by acting similarly to estrogen in some tissues and antagonizing estrogen in others.
B. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement medication used to treat hypothyroidism, not osteoporosis.
C. Escitalopram oxalate is an antidepressant medication used to treat depression and anxiety disorders, not osteoporosis.
D. Calcitonin is a hormone involved in calcium regulation, and calcitonin nasal spray is sometimes used in the treatment of osteoporosis, but it is not typically the first-line treatment option.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Presence of Bence-Jones protein in the urine is indicative of multiple myeloma, but hypercalcemia is a more urgent issue to address.
B. Severe back pain is common in multiple myeloma due to bone involvement, but it is not as immediately life-threatening as hypercalcemia.
C. Elevated serum calcium levels (hypercalcemia) are a common complication of multiple myeloma and can lead to various complications, including kidney damage, altered mental status, and cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, it is crucial to report significantly elevated serum calcium levels promptly to the health care provider for appropriate management.
D. Patient reports no stool for 5 days may indicate constipation, which is important to address but is not as urgent as hypercalcemia in the context of multiple myeloma.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Skin color: While changes in skin color can occur in hemochromatosis due to excess iron deposition, it is not the most important parameter to monitor for the effectiveness of deferoxamine.
B. Liver function: Liver function tests can be abnormal in hemochromatosis due to iron overload, but monitoring liver function alone may not adequately assess the effectiveness of deferoxamine in reducing iron levels.
C. Hematocrit: Hematocrit measures the proportion of blood that is made up of red blood cells and may be elevated in hemochromatosis, but it is not the primary parameter to monitor the effectiveness of deferoxamine.
D. Serum iron level: Serum iron level is the most direct indicator of iron overload and the effectiveness of deferoxamine in chelating and removing excess iron from the body.
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