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A nurse in a family health clinic is collecting data as part of a routine physical examination of a client who is about to enter high school. The nurse observes an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?

A.

Scoliosis

B.

Ankylosis

C.

Kyphosis

D.

Lordosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Scoliosis: Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, commonly detected during routine physical exams in school-aged children and adolescents. This is the correct diagnosis for the described symptom.

B. Ankylosis: Ankylosis refers to joint stiffness or immobility due to fusion of the bones, not a lateral curvature of the spine. It is typically associated with conditions like ankylosing spondylitis and does not describe a spinal curvature.

C. Kyphosis: Kyphosis involves an abnormal forward curvature of the spine, often resulting in a hunchback appearance. It is not the same as a lateral curvature and thus does not fit the description given.

D. Lordosis: Lordosis is characterized by an exaggerated inward curve of the lower spine, commonly referred to as swayback. It does not involve lateral curvature and therefore is not relevant to the described condition.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Attempt to obtain a throat culture: This is contraindicated because manipulating the throat could exacerbate airway obstruction, leading to a potential respiratory emergency.

B. Use a tongue depressor to observe the back of the throat: This can provoke a spasm or cause complete airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis and should be avoided.

C. Apply humidified oxygen via a mask: This helps to keep the airways moist and can provide some relief and improve oxygenation while minimizing the risk of airway manipulation.

D. Initiate airborne precautions: Epiglottitis primarily requires droplet precautions, not airborne. Airborne precautions are used for diseases like tuberculosis, which are spread through smaller droplets that remain suspended in the air.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Bend forward from the waist with your head and arms downward." This position, known as the Adam’s forward bend test, is commonly used to screen for scoliosis. It allows the nurse to observe for any asymmetry in the rib cage or spine, which could indicate scoliosis.

B. "Lie prone on the examination table." Lying prone (face down) does not allow for the assessment of spinal curvature or rib asymmetry. This position is not useful for scoliosis screening.

C. "Touch your chin to your chest, and then look up at the ceiling." These movements assess neck flexibility and range of motion, which are not relevant for screening scoliosis.

D. "Turn to the side, and remain in a relaxed position." Turning to the side and relaxing does not provide the necessary view of the spine to assess for scoliosis. This position does not allow for a clear view of any asymmetry in the spine or ribs.

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