A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a toddler who has moderate dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Decreased hematocrit

Increased respiratory rate

Decreased heart rate

Increased platelet count

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased hematocrit: Hematocrit usually increases in dehydration due to the concentration of red blood cells in a smaller volume of plasma.

B. Increased respiratory rate: Dehydration can lead to tachypnea (increased respiratory rate) as the body attempts to compensate for the decreased blood volume and maintain oxygen delivery.

C. Decreased heart rate: Dehydration typically causes tachycardia (increased heart rate) as the body tries to maintain adequate blood circulation and pressure.

D. Increased platelet count: Dehydration does not typically affect platelet count significantly, though it may concentrate blood components, including platelets, making them appear elevated on a lab test.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Diarrhea: Not typically associated with Wilms' tumor, which affects the kidneys and presents primarily with abdominal symptoms.

B. Jaundice: Not a common symptom of Wilms' tumor, which involves the kidneys and usually does not affect liver function.

C. Swollen joints: This is more associated with conditions such as juvenile arthritis, not Wilms' tumor.

D. Abdominal mass: Wilms' tumor often presents as an asymptomatic abdominal mass that may be discovered during routine physical examination or parental bathing.

A. "Bend forward from the waist with your head and arms downward." B. "Lie prone on the examination table." C. "Touch your chin to your chest, and then look up at the ceiling." D. "Turn to the side, and remain in a relaxed position."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Bend forward from the waist with your head and arms downward." This position, known as the Adam’s forward bend test, is commonly used to screen for scoliosis. It allows the nurse to observe for any asymmetry in the rib cage or spine, which could indicate scoliosis.

B. "Lie prone on the examination table." Lying prone (face down) does not allow for the assessment of spinal curvature or rib asymmetry. This position is not useful for scoliosis screening.

C. "Touch your chin to your chest, and then look up at the ceiling." These movements assess neck flexibility and range of motion, which are not relevant for screening scoliosis.

D. "Turn to the side, and remain in a relaxed position." Turning to the side and relaxing does not provide the necessary view of the spine to assess for scoliosis. This position does not allow for a clear view of any asymmetry in the spine or ribs.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a toddler who has moderate dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

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