A nurse in a prenatal client is caring for a client who is at 38 weeks of gestation and has heavy. red vaginal bleeding, without contractions, that started spontaneously. She is in no distress and states that she can "feel the baby moving." The client should undergo an ultrasound to determine which of the following findings?

Location of the placenta

Rh incompatibility

Fetal lung maturity

Frequency and duration of contractions

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Location of the placenta: Heavy, painless vaginal bleeding without contractions is a classic sign of placenta previa, where the placenta is abnormally positioned near or over the cervix. An ultrasound is used to determine placental location.

B. Rh incompatibility: Rh incompatibility is not associated with heavy vaginal bleeding, and ultrasound is not used to diagnose it. A blood test is required to assess Rh status.

C. Fetal lung maturity: Fetal lung maturity may be assessed in certain situations, but this is not related to the client's bleeding. The immediate concern is placental location.

D. Frequency and duration of contractions: The client has no contractions, and contractions are not the cause of heavy bleeding in this case. The priority is identifying placental issues.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "This test determines if kernicterus will occur in the newborn." Kernicterus is caused by severe jaundice and bilirubin toxicity but is not directly predicted by the indirect Coombs test.

B. "This test detects Rh-positive antibodies in the mother's blood." The indirect Coombs test is used to detect Rh antibodies in the mother’s blood, which could indicate a risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn if the fetus is Rh-positive.

C. "This test detects Rh-negative antibodies in a newborn who is Rh-positive." This describes the direct Coombs test, which checks for antibodies attached to the newborn’s red blood cells.

D. "This test determines the presence of maternal antibodies in the newborn's blood." The indirect Coombs test is used to detect antibodies in the maternal blood, not in the newborn's blood.

A. (Select All that Apply.) B. Chromosome defects C. Fetal gender D. Neural tube defects E. Cephalopelvic disproportion

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A. Chromosome defects: Amniocentesis can detect chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21).

B. Fetal gender: Amniocentesis can identify the gender of the fetus by analyzing the fetal cells obtained from the amniotic fluid.

C. Neural tube defects: Amniocentesis can detect neural tube defects such as spina bifida by measuring the levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the amniotic fluid.

D. Cephalopelvic disproportion: Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) is a mechanical issue that occurs during labor, where the fetal head is too large to fit through the mother's pelvis. It cannot be diagnosed with an amniocentesis.

E. Rh incompatibility: Rh incompatibility is diagnosed through blood tests, not amniocentesis. However, amniocentesis can be used in cases of severe Rh incompatibility to assess the fetus’s condition.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about the purpose of an indirect Coombs test. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is at 15 weeks of gestation and is about to undergo an amniocentesis. The nurse should reinforce that this test can identify which of the following traits or problems? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

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