A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client.
The nurse should identify that which of the following findings are manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis? (Select all that apply.)

Flushed cheeks.

Night sweats.

Weight gain.

Low-grade fever.

Blood in the sputum.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Choice A rationale

Flushed cheeks are typically associated with conditions causing vasodilation or fever, such as infections or inflammatory responses. While a fever can occur in tuberculosis, flushed cheeks are not a primary or specific manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis. The pallor often seen in chronic illnesses like TB is due to anemia.

Choice B rationale

Night sweats in pulmonary tuberculosis result from the body's febrile response to the chronic infection. The hypothalamus attempts to regulate body temperature, leading to peripheral vasodilation and diaphoresis, particularly during the nighttime hours when metabolic rates can shift. This is a common systemic symptom.

Choice C rationale

Weight gain is not a manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis. Instead, clients with active tuberculosis often experience significant weight loss, known as "consumption," due to the chronic inflammatory state, increased metabolic demands, and anorexia caused by the infection and systemic cytokine release.

Choice D rationale

A low-grade fever is a common systemic manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis. This persistent elevation in body temperature, often occurring in the afternoon or evening, is a result of the inflammatory response triggered by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and the release of pyrogens.

Choice E rationale

Blood in the sputum, or hemoptysis, is a significant manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis. It results from the erosion of blood vessels within the lung parenchyma by the granulomatous inflammation and cavitation characteristic of the disease, leading to bleeding into the airways.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Third-degree AV block, also known as complete heart block, is characterized by a complete dissociation between atrial and ventricular activity, meaning P waves and QRS complexes occur independently without any consistent relationship. This rhythm does not exhibit such complete dissociation.

Choice B rationale

First-degree AV block is indicated by a prolonged PR interval (greater than 0.20 seconds) with every P wave followed by a QRS complex. The rhythm strip shows a progressive lengthening of the PR interval before a dropped QRS, which is not characteristic of first-degree block.

Choice C rationale

Second-degree AV block Mobitz type 1 (Wenckebach) is characterized by a progressive lengthening of the PR interval over several beats, eventually culminating in a P wave that is not followed by a QRS complex (a dropped beat), after which the cycle repeats. This is exactly what is shown in the telemetry strip.

Choice D rationale

Second-degree AV block Mobitz type 2 is characterized by a constant PR interval for conducted beats, but with intermittent dropped QRS complexes without prior PR interval prolongation. This differs from the progressive PR lengthening seen in the provided rhythm strip.

A. "Have you traveled overseas recently?". B. "Do you have a history of chronic alcohol abuse?". C. "Have you had a recent influenza infection?". D. "Are you taking a multivitamin?".

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While international travel can expose individuals to various pathogens, it is not a primary or direct precipitating factor specifically associated with the typical onset of Guillain-Barré syndrome, which is more commonly linked to antecedent infections rather than travel itself.

Choice B rationale

Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to various neurological complications, including peripheral neuropathies, but it is not recognized as a direct or common antecedent or causative factor for the autoimmune demyelination characteristic of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Choice C rationale

Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute autoimmune polyneuropathy often triggered by an antecedent infection, most commonly viral infections like influenza or gastrointestinal infections. Asking about recent influenza infection directly assesses a common precipitating factor for GBS.

Choice D rationale

While certain vitamin deficiencies can cause neurological symptoms, there as no direct scientific link between routine multivitamin use and the development or prevention of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Multivitamins are not a known precipitating factor for GBS.

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A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings are manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Identify the telemetry strip below.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has a suspected diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Which of the following Questions should the nurse ask the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client.
The nurse should identify that which of the following findings are manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis? (Select all that apply.)