A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who collapsed after playing football on a hot day. After reviewing the admission laboratory findings, the nurse recognizes that these findings are consistent with which of the following conditions?

Renal failure

Low-protein diet

Dehydration

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Renal failure is typically associated with abnormal creatinine and BUN levels, which are not

indicated in the given lab values.

Choice B reason: A low-protein diet is not directly indicated by the lab values provided and does not typically result in

collapse after exertion.

Choice C reason: Dehydration is consistent with the client's history of collapsing after playing football on a hot day

and is supported by the elevated sodium level.

Choice D reason: SIADH usually presents with low sodium levels due to dilution, which is not the case here.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Decreasing the IV fluid infusion rate and limiting oral fluid intake may not be appropriate without further assessment, as the client's BUN level is elevated, which could indicate dehydration or renal impairment. The normal range for BUN is typically 7-20 mg/dL.

Choice B reason: Collecting a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity may be necessary if there is a suspicion of infection, but there is no indication of infection based solely on the provided lab values.

Choice C reason: Evaluating urine for amount and specific gravity can help assess the client's hydration status and kidney function, which is pertinent given the elevated BUN level and ongoing nausea and vomiting.

Choice D reason: Continuing routine care may not be appropriate because the BUN level is above the normal range, indicating that further assessment and intervention may be necessary.

A. pH 7.26, HCO3 24, PaCO2 46 B. pH 7.49, HCO3 30, PaCO2 40 C. pH 7.49, HCO3 24, PaCO2 30 D. pH 7.26, HCO3 14, PaCO2 30

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: A pH of 7.26 indicates acidosis, but an HCO3 of 24 and PaCO2 of 46 suggest a respiratory cause rather than metabolic, which is not typical for AKI.

Choice B reason: A pH of 7.49 indicates alkalosis, and with an HCO3 of 30 and PaCO2 of 40, this suggests metabolic alkalosis, which is not expected in AKI.

Choice C reason: A pH of 7.49 indicates alkalosis. An HCO3 of 24 is normal, and a PaCO2 of 30 would suggest respiratory alkalosis, not typically associated with AKI.

Choice D reason: A pH of 7.26 indicates acidosis, and with an HCO3 of 14, this suggests metabolic acidosis, which is consistent with AKI. The PaCO2 of 30 indicates a compensatory respiratory response to the metabolic acidosis. This ABG result aligns with the expected findings in a patient with AKI, where there is an accumulation of acids and a decrease in bicarbonate due to the kidneys' inability to filter and excrete hydrogen ions effectively.

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A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who collapsed after playing football on a hot day. After reviewing the admission laboratory findings, the nurse recognizes that these findings are consistent with which of the following conditions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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