A nurse in the PACU is caring for a client who has received general anesthesia and has manifestations of malignant hyperthermia.
Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?

Diazepam.

Dantrolene.

Cyclobenzaprine.

Metaxalone.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used to manage anxiety, seizures, and muscle spasms. It is not effective in treating malignant hyperthermia, a condition characterized by rapid onset of hypermetabolism and muscle rigidity triggered by certain anesthetics.

Choice B rationale

Dantrolene is the drug of choice for malignant hyperthermia. It acts by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle, thereby reducing muscle rigidity and metabolic activity. Administer 2.5 mg/kg IV bolus initially.

Choice C rationale

Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant used to relieve muscle spasms associated with acute musculoskeletal conditions. It does not have the specific mechanism required to counteract the effects of malignant hyperthermia.

Choice D rationale

Metaxalone is a muscle relaxant used to treat discomfort associated with acute skeletal muscle conditions. It is not indicated for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia and does not address the underlying pathophysiology of the condition.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Nitrates are vasodilators used primarily to treat angina and heart conditions. They are not related to the administration of acetazolamide, which is a diuretic medication.

Choice B rationale

Sulfa-based medications are contraindicated in patients with sulfa allergies. Acetazolamide contains a sulfonamide group, which can trigger allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.

Choice C rationale

Antilipemic agents are used to lower lipid levels in the blood and are unrelated to acetazolamide, which is used to decrease intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients.

Choice D rationale

Proton pump inhibitors are used to reduce stomach acid production and have no known interaction with acetazolamide. They are prescribed for conditions like GERD and peptic ulcer disease.

A. Alanine aminotransferase. B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone. C. Potassium. D. Magnesium.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) monitors liver function. While captopril is metabolized by the liver, it is not the most critical value to monitor. Elevated ALT may indicate liver damage, but it is not a primary concern with captopril.

Choice B rationale

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is related to thyroid function. Captopril does not typically affect thyroid function, so monitoring TSH levels is not a priority. The focus is on electrolytes and kidney function with captopril.

Choice C rationale

Potassium monitoring is essential due to the risk of hyperkalemia with captopril. Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can increase potassium levels by reducing aldosterone secretion. Normal potassium range is 3.5 to 5 mEq/L.

Choice D rationale

Magnesium levels are important for various bodily functions, but captopril does not significantly affect magnesium. Monitoring potassium and renal function is more critical due to the potential for hyperkalemia with captopril. .

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A nurse in the PACU is caring for a client who has received general anesthesia and has manifestations of malignant hyperthermia.Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse in the PACU is caring for a client who has received general anesthesia and has manifestations of malignant hyperthermia.
Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?