A nurse instructs a class of older adult women about Kegel exercises. In which of the following urinary conditions would Kegel exercises be effective?

Functional incontinence

Stress incontinence

Urinary retention

Fecal incontinence

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Functional incontinence: Functional incontinence occurs when a person has difficulty reaching the toilet due to physical or cognitive impairments, such as mobility issues or dementia. Kegel exercises, which focus on strengthening the pelvic floor muscles, would not directly address the underlying causes of functional incontinence.

B. Stress incontinence: Stress incontinence is characterized by the involuntary leakage of urine during activities that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, or exercising. Kegel exercises are specifically designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which can help support the bladder and reduce the occurrence of stress incontinence.

C. Urinary retention: Urinary retention refers to the inability to empty the bladder completely. While Kegel exercises may help improve bladder control, they are not typically used to address urinary retention, which often requires other interventions such as medications, catheterization, or surgery.

D. Fecal incontinence: Fecal incontinence involves the involuntary leakage of stool. Kegel exercises are not effective for addressing fecal incontinence, as they primarily target the pelvic floor muscles involved in urinary control, not bowel control. Treatment for fecal incontinence may include dietary modifications, medications, pelvic floor rehabilitation, or surgical interventions, depending on the underlying cause.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Delayed gastric emptying: This condition refers to a slowdown in the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine, often leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, bloating, and early satiety. It is not related to breath sounds and would not be detected through auscultation of the lungs.

B) Atelectasis: This condition involves the collapse or closure of lung tissue, resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange. It commonly occurs in patients who are immobile or on bedrest for extended periods, such as the client with a lacerated spleen. Decreased breath sounds in the lower lobes of the lungs are a typical finding in atelectasis, as the collapsed or partially collapsed alveoli do not allow air to move through them, leading to diminished or absent breath sounds in the affected areas.

C) An upper respiratory infection: This condition involves infections in the nose, throat, and airways and typically presents with symptoms like cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, and sometimes fever. It can affect breath sounds, but it more commonly causes wheezing, crackles, or rhonchi rather than isolated decreased breath sounds in the lower lobes.

D) Pulmonary edema: This condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, often due to heart failure or acute lung injury. Auscultation findings typically include crackles or rales, particularly in the lower lung fields, but not necessarily decreased breath sounds unless there is a significant consolidation or fluid volume.

A. Turn the client on his side before starting oral care. B. Use the thumb and index finger to keep the client's mouth open C. Apply petroleum jelly to the client's lips after oral care. D. Use a stiff toothbrush to clean the client's teeth.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Turn the client on his side before starting oral care: This is the correct action. Turning the client on their side helps prevent aspiration of oral secretions or fluids during oral care, especially for an immobile client who may have difficulty swallowing or managing oral secretions effectively. Positioning the client on their side also facilitates better access to the oral cavity for oral care procedures.

B. Use the thumb and index finger to keep the client's mouth open: Using the thumb and index finger to keep the client's mouth open may cause discomfort or injury to the client. Instead, it's essential to encourage the client to open their mouth gently or use an appropriate oral device to keep the mouth open during oral care.

C. Apply petroleum jelly to the client's lips after oral care: Applying petroleum jelly to the client's lips after oral care can help keep the lips moisturized and prevent dryness. However, it is not the most immediate action necessary for oral care. Ensuring proper positioning and cleaning of the oral cavity take precedence during oral care for an immobile client.

D. Use a stiff toothbrush to clean the client's teeth: Using a stiff toothbrush can cause damage to the client's oral tissues, especially if the client has impaired oral hygiene or compromised oral health. It's essential to use a soft-bristled toothbrush or sponge swabs for oral care to prevent injury or trauma to the oral mucosa, especially in clients who are immobile.

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A nurse instructs a class of older adult women about Kegel exercises. In which of the following urinary conditions would Kegel exercises be effective?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a lacerated spleen and has been on bedrest for several days. The nurse auscultates decreased breath sounds in the lower lobes of both lungs. The nurse should realize that this finding is most likely an indication of which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing oral care for a client who is immobile. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse instructs a class of older adult women about Kegel exercises. In which of the following urinary conditions would Kegel exercises be effective?

A nurse is assessing a client who has a sodium level of 116 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

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