A nurse is admitting a client who has dementia related to a traumatic brain injury. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client's condition is worsening?

Visual field cuts

Decreased CD4 counts

Shuffling gait

Chorea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Dementia related to a traumatic brain injury can result in a variety of cognitive and physical impairments. A shuffling gait, characterized by short steps with feet barely leaving the ground, is often associated with Parkinsonian symptoms, which can occur in advanced stages of dementia or as the condition progresses. Therefore, a shuffling gait would indicate worsening of the client's condition.

A. While visual disturbance can occur in individuals with dementia, visual field cuts alone may not necessarily indicate worsening of the condition unless they are accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

B. CD4 counts are a measure of immune system function, particularly in relation to HIV/AIDS. Decreased CD4 counts are not typically associated with dementia related to traumatic brain injury and would not be a relevant finding in this context.

D. Chorea is not a common feature of dementia related to traumatic brain injury. The presence of chorea may indicate a different underlying neurological condition or complication

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Late-onset schizophrenia typically presents with symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and social withdrawal. However, this does not differentiate it from typical schizophrenia.

B. Substance use, including cannabis use, is a known risk factor for the development of schizophrenia, particularly in individuals who are genetically predisposed to the disorder. However, cannabis use as a teenager alone does not necessarily indicate late-onset schizophrenia.

C. Paraphrenia or late onset schizophrenia generally occurs later in life and symptoms persist and intensify as the client ages. Schizophrenia is rarely diagnosed after the age of 40 and is considered late onset if diagnosed after the age of 40.

D. Family history of psychosis or schizophrenia is a significant risk factor for developing schizophrenia, including late-onset schizophrenia. However, having a family member who mirrors the client's behaviors of psychosis is not a specific finding indicative of late-onset schizophrenia.

A. Carbamazepine B. Haloperidol C. Olanzapine D. Escitalopram

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Escitalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, including illness anxiety disorder (formerly known as hypochondriasis). It helps alleviate symptoms by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which can improve mood and reduce anxiety.

A. Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used in the treatment of seizure disorders, bipolar disorder, and certain types of neuropathic pain. It is not typically used as a first-line treatment for illness anxiety disorder.

B. Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia, psychotic disorders, and severe agitation. It is not typically used as a first-line treatment for illness anxiety disorder,

C. Olanzapine is a second-generation antipsychotic medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and certain types of depression. Like haloperidol, it is not typically used as a first-line treatment for illness anxiety disorder

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A nurse is admitting a client who has dementia related to a traumatic brain injury. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client's condition is worsening?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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