A nurse is admitting a client who reports excessive thirst, fever, and periods of confusion. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing heat exhaustion. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

Hypernatremia

Hypocalcemia

Hyperkalemia

Hyperphosphatemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hypernatremia: Excessive fluid loss through sweat, combined with insufficient fluid intake, can lead to hypernatremia (elevated sodium levels), often seen in heat exhaustion.
B. Hypocalcemia: Calcium levels are not typically affected by heat exhaustion.
C. Hyperkalemia: Potassium levels usually decrease due to sweating, not increase.
D. Hyperphosphatemia: Phosphate levels are not significantly altered in heat exhaustion.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "I can decrease my risk for a stroke by losing excess weight.": Excess weight is a modifiable risk factor for stroke, and losing weight can improve glycemic control, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels, reducing stroke risk.
B. "My risk for a stroke increases if my HbA1c level is 5 percent or less.": An HbA1c level of 5% is excellent and indicates good glycemic control, which reduces stroke risk.
C. "Having a total cholesterol level below 200 mg/dL increases my risk for a stroke.": A cholesterol level below 200 mg/dL is desirable and lowers the risk of cardiovascular events, including stroke.
D. "My provider might prescribe a glucocorticoid regimen to decrease my risk for a stroke.": Glucocorticoids are not used to reduce stroke risk; they can actually increase blood sugar and cardiovascular risk if used long-term.

A. The client had a hemorrhoidectomy 1 year ago. B. The client takes ibuprofen for headaches. C. The client consumed citrus juice 3 days before the test. D. The client has a history of breast cancer.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hemorrhoidectomy is not likely to cause a false-positive test, as the wound would typically heal and stop bleeding after a year.
B. The client takes ibuprofen for headaches: Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can irritate the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, leading to minor bleeding in the stomach or intestines, which can result in a false-positive fecal occult blood test.
C. Citrus juice may alter the pH of the stool but is not a known cause of false-positive results in fecal occult blood tests.
D. Breast cancer is not directly associated with causing false-positive results in fecal occult blood tests.

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A nurse is admitting a client who reports excessive thirst, fever, and periods of confusion. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing heat exhaustion. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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