A nurse is analyzing arterial blood gas results for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What abnormal finding should the nurse anticipate?

Increased carbon dioxide.

Increased pH.

Decreased alveolar function.

Increased arterial oxygen.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
In a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an arterial blood gas (ABG) test would typically show an increased level of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)56. This is because COPD affects the ability of the lungs to expel carbon dioxide, leading to its buildup in the blood.
Choice B rationale
An increased pH is not typically seen in COPD. In fact, due to the increased carbon dioxide (which is acidic), the pH may be lower, indicating respiratory acidosis.
Choice C rationale
Decreased alveolar function is a characteristic of COPD, but it is not something that would be directly measured in an ABG test.
Choice D rationale
An increased arterial oxygen (PaO2) is not typically seen in COPD. In fact, due to the impaired gas exchange, PaO2 may be lower.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Collective bargaining activity at a nearby hospital may be of interest, but it is not directly related to the quality improvement of the unit.
Choice B rationale
Systems that make it difficult for the nurses to do their job directly impact the quality of care provided in the unit. Addressing these issues can lead to improvements in workflow, patient care, and nurse satisfaction.
Choice C rationale
While nurse pay is an important issue, it is typically addressed through human resources or union negotiations, not a unit-based quality improvement project.
Choice D rationale
The number of medication errors committed by another nurse is a serious concern, but it is a specific personnel issue. It should be addressed, but it may not reflect the overall quality of the unit.

A. Limit oral fluids to minimize labored breathing. B. Lie in a low Fowler’s position to promote lung expansion. C. Perform hourly incentive spirometry to inflate lungs and mobilize secretions. D. Perform pursed lip breathing to expel trapped carbon dioxide from the alveoli.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Limiting oral fluids is not the best action for a client with pneumonia and copious tracheobronchial secretions. Adequate hydration can actually help thin and loosen pulmonary secretions, making them easier to expel.
Choice B rationale
While lying in a low Fowler’s position can aid in lung expansion, it is not the priority action in this case. The client has copious tracheobronchial secretions, and the most effective way to mobilize these secretions is through incentive spirometry.
Choice C rationale
Performing hourly incentive spirometry can help inflate the lungs and mobilize secretions, which is particularly beneficial for a client with pneumonia who has copious tracheobronchial secretions. This is the priority action as it directly addresses the client’s issue of labored breathing due to excessive secretions.
Choice D rationale
Pursed lip breathing is a technique used primarily to slow the pace of breathing and can help maintain open airways longer. However, it is not the most effective method for mobilizing tracheobronchial secretions.

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A nurse is analyzing arterial blood gas results for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What abnormal finding should the nurse anticipate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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