A nurse is assessing a client two months after mitral valve replacement. The client complains of malaise, anorexia, weight loss, chills, and fever. The nurse suspects the client may have endocarditis. What other assessment sign is associated with infectious endocarditis?

Muffled heart sounds

Palpitations

Hives

Splinter hemorrhages

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Muffled heart sounds are associated with pericardial effusion or tamponade, not infective endocarditis.
B. Palpitations can occur but are not a classic sign of infective endocarditis.
C. Hives suggest an allergic reaction, not endocarditis.
D. Splinter hemorrhages (tiny, red-brown streaks under the nails) are a classic sign of infective endocarditis due to small emboli from the infected heart valves.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Counting the number of QRS complexes in a 6-second strip and multiplying by 10 provides an estimate of the heart rate per minute.
B. Measuring T waves is used to assess repolarization abnormalities, not to determine heart rate.
C. While the monitor provides a heart rate reading, manual calculation is essential for verifying accuracy.
D. P waves indicate atrial activity but are not used to calculate the overall heart rate.

A. Hypernatremia B. Hypocalcemia C. Hypokalemia D. Hyperkalemia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hypernatremia is incorrect. Furosemide can cause hyponatremia rather than hypernatremia due to increased sodium excretion.
B. Hypocalcemia is incorrect. While loop diuretics can cause some calcium loss, hypocalcemia is less common than hypokalemia.
C. Hypokalemia is correct. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases potassium excretion, leading to a risk of hypokalemia, which can cause muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and other complications.
D. Hyperkalemia is incorrect. Furosemide promotes potassium excretion, making hyperkalemia unlikely.

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A nurse is assessing a client two months after mitral valve replacement. The client complains of malaise, anorexia, weight loss, chills, and fever. The nurse suspects the client may have endocarditis. What other assessment sign is associated with infectious endocarditis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about evaluating cardiac rhythms. Which of the following best explains calculation of the heart rate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who takes furosemide (Lasix) 20 mg daily at home and is receiving 40 mg of furosemide (Lasix) IV daily in the hospital. The nurse is aware that this patient is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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