A nurse is assessing a client who has an electrolyte imbalance with an elevated total calcium level of 12.8 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hyperreflexia

Diarrhea

Muscle twitching

Lethargy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Hyperreflexia:
Hyperreflexia is typically associated with low calcium levels (hypocalcemia), not elevated levels. An elevated calcium level often results in reduced neuromuscular excitability, leading to diminished reflexes rather than heightened ones.

B) Diarrhea:
Elevated calcium levels are more likely to cause constipation rather than diarrhea. Hypercalcemia often slows gastrointestinal motility, which can lead to decreased bowel movements and constipation.

C) Muscle twitching:
Muscle twitching is generally a symptom of hypocalcemia rather than hypercalcemia. Elevated calcium levels tend to depress neuromuscular activity, making muscle twitching less likely.

D) Lethargy:
Lethargy is a common symptom of hypercalcemia. High calcium levels can depress the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, confusion, and lethargy. This makes lethargy a likely finding in a client with an elevated total calcium level.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) A school-age child who is 2 days postoperative following an appendectomy and has a nasogastric tube: While this child requires regular monitoring and care, they are in a stable postoperative phase and do not show signs of acute distress that necessitate immediate attention over other clients.

B) A preschooler awaiting discharge instructions prior to leaving the hospital: This client is stable enough to be considered for discharge. While discharge instructions are important, they do not take priority over a client with potential respiratory distress.

C) A toddler who has a respiratory rate of 54/min: This client exhibits a significantly elevated respiratory rate, which can indicate respiratory distress or a serious underlying condition. Immediate assessment and intervention are necessary to ensure the toddler's airway and breathing are managed appropriately.

D) A school-age child who reports nausea following chemotherapy: While nausea following chemotherapy is uncomfortable and needs management, it is a known side effect and typically not life-threatening. This client's condition is less urgent compared to a toddler showing signs of potential respiratory distress.

A. Hiccups B. Anxiousness C. Cough D. Rhinorrhea

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Hiccups: Hiccups are not a common adverse effect of lisinopril. While they can be bothersome, they are not typically associated with this medication. Monitoring for more significant side effects is crucial, but hiccups alone are not usually indicative of a serious reaction.

B) Anxiousness: Anxiousness or anxiety is not a typical side effect of lisinopril. While anxiety can occur due to various factors, it is not directly linked to the use of lisinopril. The focus should be on more specific adverse effects related to the medication.

C) Cough: A persistent, dry cough is a well-documented adverse effect of lisinopril. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors like lisinopril can cause a cough due to the accumulation of bradykinin. This side effect is significant and often leads to discontinuation of the medication.

D) Rhinorrhea: Rhinorrhea, or a runny nose, is not a common adverse effect of lisinopril. Although it can occur with other conditions or medications, it is not specifically associated with ACE inhibitors. Monitoring for more characteristic side effects of lisinopril is important.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has an electrolyte imbalance with an elevated total calcium level of 12.8 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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