A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is developing an educational program for staff members about common physiological changes in older adults. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Decreased systolic blood pressure

Decreased anteroposterior chest diameter

Increased cerumen thickness

Increased saliva production

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Decreased systolic blood pressure: In older adults, systolic blood pressure often increases due to stiffening of the arteries rather than decreasing. This increase in systolic blood pressure is due to reduced elasticity in blood vessels, making it a common physiological change.

B) Decreased anteroposterior chest diameter: In fact, the anteroposterior chest diameter often increases with age due to changes in the rib cage and spine, such as kyphosis. An increased chest diameter is observed in older adults, not a decrease.

C) Increased cerumen thickness: As people age, cerumen (earwax) production can increase and the cerumen can become thicker and drier. This is due to changes in the ceruminous glands and can lead to more frequent earwax impaction in older adults, making it a relevant point to include in the educational program.

D) Increased saliva production: Typically, older adults experience a decrease in saliva production, not an increase. Reduced saliva production can contribute to difficulties with chewing, swallowing, and oral health.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Impaired coordination:
Impaired coordination is a common manifestation of hypothermia. As the body temperature drops, the nervous system is affected, leading to difficulties in motor control and coordination. This symptom is indicative of the body's struggle to maintain normal physiological functions in response to the cold.

B) Sensitivity to light:
Sensitivity to light is not typically associated with hypothermia. This symptom is more commonly related to conditions affecting the eyes or the central nervous system, such as migraines or meningitis.

C) Increased respiratory rate:
Hypothermia generally leads to a decreased respiratory rate as the body's metabolic processes slow down. An increased respiratory rate is not a common symptom and may indicate another underlying condition or a compensatory mechanism for another issue.

D) Hypertension:
Hypertension is not a typical manifestation of hypothermia. In fact, as hypothermia progresses, the body's blood pressure often decreases due to reduced cardiac output and peripheral vasoconstriction.

A. Maintain the client on bed rest for 48 hr following surgery. B. Check the tubing for kinks and blood clots at least every 2 hr. C. Irrigate the client's bladder continuously using 5% dextrose in Ringer's lactate. D. Remove the catheter if the client reports severe bladder spasms.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Maintain the client on bed rest for 48 hr following surgery: While some bed rest is recommended initially post-surgery, maintaining bed rest for 48 hours is excessive and can increase the risk of complications like deep vein thrombosis. Early mobilization is generally encouraged to enhance recovery.

B) Check the tubing for kinks and blood clots at least every 2 hr: Regularly checking the catheter tubing for kinks and blood clots is essential to ensure the continuous flow of urine and prevent catheter blockage. This can help in reducing the risk of complications such as bladder distension and urinary retention.

C) Irrigate the client's bladder continuously using 5% dextrose in Ringer's lactate: Continuous bladder irrigation is often done post-TURP to prevent clot formation, but 5% dextrose in Ringer's lactate is not the recommended solution. Typically, normal saline is used to minimize the risk of electrolyte imbalance and maintain the correct osmolarity.

D) Remove the catheter if the client reports severe bladder spasms: Severe bladder spasms can occur post-TURP, but removing the catheter is not the immediate solution. The catheter is necessary for drainage and should be managed with antispasmodic medications or adjusting the irrigation flow rather than removal.

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A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is developing an educational program for staff members about common physiological changes in older adults. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

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