A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings are manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

Increased thirst

Urinary frequency

Weakness

Skin flushing

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Increased thirst: This is typically a manifestation of hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemia can lead to dehydration due to the body’s attempt to flush out excess glucose through urine, which then causes increased thirst.
B. Urinary frequency: Urinary frequency is also a symptom commonly associated with hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia. When blood sugar levels are too high, the kidneys try to remove excess glucose, leading to frequent urination causing polyuria and is typically seen in hyperglycemic states, not in low blood sugar situations.
C. Weakness: Weakness is a classic symptom of hypoglycemia. When blood glucose levels drop too low, the body does not have enough fuel to function properly, leading to fatigue and weakness. This symptom is often experienced as one of the early signs of hypoglycemia and should be closely monitored in diabetic patients.
D. Skin flushing: Flushed skin is not a typical feature of hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia more commonly causes cool, pale, and clammy skin due to sympathetic nervous system activation.

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Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

A. Remove the solution from the refrigerator 1 hr before infusing: Allowing the TPN solution to warm to room temperature helps reduce the risk of vein irritation and discomfort. Cold solutions can cause venospasm or systemic reactions when infused into the bloodstream.
B. Increase the rate of the infusion as needed to keep it on schedule: TPN must be administered at a consistent prescribed rate. Increasing the rate without orders can lead to hyperglycemia, fluid overload, or metabolic complications. Any delays should be reported to the healthcare provider.
C. Weigh the client every other day: Daily weight monitoring is essential in TPN therapy to assess fluid balance and nutritional status. Weighing the client only every other day may delay the recognition of fluid overload or dehydration.
D. Change the client's TPN catheter tubing every 72 hr: TPN tubing should be changed every 24 hours to reduce the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections. Extending beyond this time frame increases the likelihood of microbial contamination.
E. Infuse TPN through a central venous line: Due to its high glucose and osmolarity content, TPN must be administered via a central line to prevent phlebitis and allow for rapid, well-tolerated infusion. Peripheral administration is not suitable for long-term TPN.

A. You should limit your consumption of seafood to avoid exposure to mercury." B. You should not eat hard cheeses, such as Romano, Parmesan, and Asiago, to avoid listeriosis." C. "You should decrease your salt intake to avoid preeclampsia." D. "You should start using artificial sweeteners to decrease the risk of gestational diabetes."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "You should limit your consumption of seafood to avoid exposure to mercury. Certain fish contain high levels of mercury, which can negatively impact fetal brain development. Pregnant individuals are advised to limit consumption of high-mercury seafood and choose safer options like salmon, shrimp, and cod, keeping weekly intake within recommended limits.
B. "You should not eat hard cheeses, such as Romano, Parmesan, and Asiago, to avoid listeriosis."
Hard cheeses are typically safe to eat during pregnancy because they are low in moisture and unlikely to support Listeria growth. It is soft, unpasteurized cheeses like brie and queso fresco that pose a higher listeriosis risk.
C. "You should decrease your salt intake to avoid preeclampsia." There is no strong evidence that reducing salt intake prevents preeclampsia. Pregnant individuals should follow normal dietary guidelines unless otherwise directed by a healthcare provider due to existing hypertension or kidney conditions.
D. "You should start using artificial sweeteners to decrease the risk of gestational diabetes."
Artificial sweeteners do not prevent gestational diabetes and some types may have unclear safety profiles in pregnancy. Emphasis should be placed on balanced nutrition and managing total carbohydrate intake rather than replacing sugar with artificial alternatives.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings are manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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