A nurse is assessing a client who has a decreased potassium level. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Muscle weakness
Hyperreflexia
Chvostek's sign
Seizures
The Correct Answer is A
A. Muscle weakness: Potassium is essential for normal neuromuscular function, and a low serum potassium level disrupts muscle cell excitability and contractility. As a result, clients may present with generalized weakness, particularly in the lower extremities, and may have difficulty with mobility or respiration if the weakness progresses.
B. Hyperreflexia: Hyperreflexia is more commonly associated with elevated calcium or magnesium imbalances rather than decreased potassium. Hypokalemia typically causes reduced neuromuscular excitability, which would result in diminished or absent reflexes rather than increased reflex activity. Therefore, hyperreflexia is not an expected finding in a client with low potassium.
C. Chvostek's sign: Chvostek’s sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypokalemia. It is elicited by tapping the facial nerve, resulting in twitching of the facial muscles. This sign indicates increased neuromuscular excitability due to low calcium levels, which is unrelated to potassium regulation. It is not expected in cases of decreased potassium.
D. Seizures: Seizures are more commonly linked with abnormalities in sodium or calcium levels, particularly hyponatremia or severe hypocalcemia. While severe hypokalemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and muscle paralysis, it is not typically associated with seizures. Therefore, seizures are not a standard finding in clients with hypokalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Limit egg yolks to five per week: Egg yolks are high in cholesterol, which can contribute to an increased risk of heart disease if consumed in large quantities. While limiting egg yolks can be beneficial, most current guidelines suggest a more flexible approach. Restricting them to five per week may not be the most accurate advice for a general heart-healthy diet.
B. Limit meat intake to 10 oz per day: 10 oz of lean meat a day is generally considered an acceptable amount for a heart-healthy diet however the recommendation could vary depending on the type of meat and its fat content. Instead, the focus should be on choosing lean proteins and limiting processed meats, rather than setting a strict limit on all meat consumption.
C. Choose oily fish for two meals each week: Oily fish are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering triglycerides, reducing inflammation, and improving overall heart health. Consuming oily fish twice a week is consistent with current dietary guidelines aimed at promoting cardiovascular health.
D. Choose ground beef that is 70% lean: Ground beef that is only 70% lean is considered too fatty for a heart-healthy diet, as it is high in saturated fats which can increase cholesterol levels and contribute to heart disease. It is more beneficial to choose leaner options like 90% lean ground beef or plant-based alternatives, which are lower in unhealthy fats and better for heart health.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The client has a creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL (0.6 to 1.3 mg/dL). A normal creatinine level suggests adequate kidney function but does not directly reflect improvement in urinary flow or lower urinary tract symptoms caused by BPH. It is not a specific indicator of treatment success for this condition.
B. The client has a urine output of 35 mL/hr. This value is at the low end of normal urine output, but it does not confirm improvement in urinary obstruction or symptom relief. Effectiveness of BPH treatment is better assessed through changes in urinary flow and symptom resolution.
C. The force of the client's urinary stream has improved. Improved urinary stream indicates reduced urethral obstruction, which is a primary treatment goal in managing BPH. This finding reflects direct symptom relief and is a clear sign that treatment is effective.
D. The client passes soft, brown stool. Bowel movements are unrelated to the treatment outcomes for benign prostatic hyperplasia. While regular bowel function is important, it does not reflect improvement in urinary symptoms.
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