A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?

Oxycodone inhibits prostaglandin synthesis.

Oxycodone promotes vasodilation of cranial arteries.

Oxycodone blocks the sodium channel suspending nerve conduction.

Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D) Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression: Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic that acts centrally on the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain. One of the most significant side effects of opioids like oxycodone is respiratory depression, which occurs due to the suppression of the CNS, particularly in the brainstem respiratory centers. The brainstem regulates respiratory rate and rhythm, and when opioids depress these centers, it can lead to decreased respiratory drive, resulting in a decrease in respiratory rate. A respiratory rate of 8/min is significantly below the normal range, indicating respiratory depression caused by oxycodone.

A) Oxycodone inhibits prostaglandin synthesis: Oxycodone does not directly inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. Prostaglandins are lipid compounds with various physiological effects, including inflammation and pain modulation. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by blocking cyclooxygenase enzymes. However, oxycodone primarily acts on opioid receptors in the CNS to relieve pain, rather than through prostaglandin inhibition.

B) Oxycodone promotes vasodilation of cranial arteries: While opioids can cause peripheral vasodilation, particularly in large doses, the primary mechanism of action of oxycodone is not through the promotion of vasodilation of cranial arteries. Vasodilation may occur as a side effect of opioid use, but it is not the primary cause of respiratory depression associated with oxycodone.

C) Oxycodone blocks the sodium channel suspending nerve conduction: This statement describes the mechanism of action of local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, which block sodium channels to inhibit nerve conduction. However, oxycodone is not a sodium channel blocker. Its analgesic effects result from binding to opioid receptors in the CNS, particularly mu-opioid receptors, rather than blocking sodium channels. Therefore, this option is not the pathophysiology for the respiratory rate of 8/min observed in the client receiving oxycodone.

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Correct Answer is ["50"]

Explanation

Volume delivered per minute:
Flow rate (mL/hr) = 200 mL/hr (from previous steps)
Volume per minute (mL/min) = Flow rate (mL/hr) / 60 minutes/hour
Volume per minute (mL/min) = 200 mL/hr / 60 minutes/hour = 3.33 mL/min (round to two decimals for accuracy)

Convert volume per minute to gtt/min using the drop factor:
Drop factor = 15 gtt/mL
Volume per minute (mL/min) = 3.33 mL/min (rounded value)

Flow rate (gtt/min) = Volume per minute (mL/min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 3.33 mL/min x 15 gtt/mL
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 50 gtt/min (round to nearest whole number as requested)

Therefore, the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver approximately 50 gtt/min.

A. Wear gloves when handling the medication. B. Administer the medication in a negative pressure room. C. Administer the medication while wearing protective footwear. D. Wear an N95 respiratory mask when administering the medication.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Wear gloves when handling the medication: This is the correct action to take when preparing to administer a hazardous IV medication. Wearing gloves helps protect the nurse from direct contact with the medication, reducing the risk of exposure to potentially harmful substances.

B) Administer the medication in a negative pressure room: While some hazardous medications may require administration in a negative pressure room to prevent the spread of airborne contaminants, this is not a standard precaution for administering IV medications. Negative pressure rooms are typically used for airborne infection isolation rather than for medication administration.

C) Administer the medication while wearing protective footwear: While wearing appropriate footwear is important for general safety in healthcare settings, it is not specifically required for administering hazardous IV medications. Protective footwear may be necessary in certain situations, such as when handling biohazardous materials or when there is a risk of spills, but it is not directly related to IV medication administration.

D) Wear an N95 respiratory mask when administering the medication: While respiratory protection may be necessary when handling certain hazardous substances, such as those that produce airborne particles or aerosols, it is not typically required for administering IV medications. N95 masks are primarily used for respiratory protection in situations where there is a risk of inhaling airborne contaminants, such as infectious agents or hazardous chemicals.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["50"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer a hazardous IV medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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