A nurse is assessing a newborn who has neonatal abstinence syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Excessive crying

Decreased muscle tone

Absent Moro reflex

Diminished deep tendon reflexes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:

A. Excessive crying:

Correct answer. Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) often presents with irritability, inconsolable crying, and difficulty soothing.

B. Decreased muscle tone: NAS can cause hypertonia or increased muscle tone rather than decreased muscle tone.

C. Absent Moro reflex: NAS may cause hyperactive Moro reflex rather than absent.

D. Diminished deep tendon reflexes: NAS can cause hyperactive deep tendon reflexes rather than diminished.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Vacuum-assisted delivery increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage due to potential trauma to the birth canal and uterus.

B. A history of human papillomavirus is not directly associated with an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage.

C. A history of uterine atony (inability of the uterus to contract effectively after delivery) is a significant risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage.

D. Labor induction with oxytocin can lead to uterine hyperstimulation or tetanic contractions, which may contribute to uterine atony and postpartum hemorrhage.

E. Newborn weight is not a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage.

A. "The car seat should be positioned in the car at a 45-degree angle." B. "My baby will need a car seat challenge test before discharge." C. "When my baby is 1 year old, I can turn their car seat facing forward." D. “I can use a sleep sack to keep my baby warm in the car seat."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "The car seat should be positioned in the car at a 45-degree angle." This statement is correct and indicates an understanding of car seat safety. Positioning the car seat at a 45-degree angle helps prevent the newborn's head from flopping forward, which could obstruct the airway. Proper positioning ensures both safety and comfort during travel.

B. "My baby will need a car seat challenge test before discharge." This statement is incorrect for a newborn delivered at 38 weeks of gestation. A car seat challenge test is typically required for premature infants (less than 37 weeks gestation) or those with specific health conditions to ensure they can tolerate sitting in a car seat without respiratory or cardiac issues.

C. "When my baby is 1 year old, I can turn their car seat facing forward." Incorrect. It is recommended to keep infants in a rear-facing car seat until they reach the maximum height or weight limit recommended by the car seat manufacturer, typically well beyond the first year of life.

D. “I can use a sleep sack to keep my baby warm in the car seat." While using a sleep sack can keep a baby warm, it's important not to use any additional padding or blankets in the car seat as they can interfere with the proper harness fit and increase the risk of injury in the event of a crash.

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A nurse is assessing a newborn who has neonatal abstinence syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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