A nurse is assessing a patient and notes that the patient is experiencing hypoxia.
Which of the following patient signs would indicate that the patient has hypoxia? Select all that apply.
increased respiratory rate
confusion
cyanosis
restlessness
dyspnea
Bradychardia
Hypertension
Nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E
The correct answer is choices A, B, C, D, and E.
Hypoxia occurs when there is inadequate oxygen supply to the body's tissues. Signs of hypoxia can vary depending on the severity of the condition. The following signs can indicate hypoxia:
- Increased respiratory rate - Hypoxia can cause an increased respiratory rate as the body tries to increase oxygen levels in the blood.
- Confusion - Hypoxia can affect cognitive function, leading to confusion.
- Cyanosis - Hypoxia can cause a blue or purple discoloration of the skin, lips, or nail beds due to the lack of oxygen.
- Restlessness - Hypoxia can cause restlessness or agitation.
- Dyspnea - Hypoxia can cause difficulty breathing, also known as dyspnea.
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Bradycardia - Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not typically a direct sign of hypoxia. Hypoxia often leads to tachycardia (increased heart rate) as the body tries to compensate for low oxygen levels.
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Hypotension - While severe hypoxia can eventually lead to changes in blood pressure, hypotension (low blood pressure) is not a primary sign of hypoxia. Typically, hypoxia might cause hypertension or have no immediate impact on blood pressure.
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Nausea and Vomiting - While nausea and vomiting can be related to various conditions, they are not specific signs of hypoxia. These symptoms might occur due to other issues or as a secondary effect in some cases, but they are not primary indicators of hypoxia.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
. Objectively examining one's own bias, beliefs, values, and practices is the best way for nurses to develop an awareness of their own culture and bias. It is important for nurses to recognize that they have their own set of beliefs and values that may influence their perceptions and interactions with patients from different cultural backgrounds. Through selfreflection and self-awareness, nurses can identify their own biases and work towards addressing them. This will help nurses provide culturally competent care and build trusting relationships with their patients. Choices A and B are incorrect because they imply that personal biases cannot be changed, which is not true. Choice C may provide some insight into how other nurses practice cultural diversity, but it does not address the nurse's own personal biases and cultural background.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. When conducting a physical assessment of the extremities, the most appropriate assessment would be to assess pulses, capillary refill, strength, edema, skin, and compare with the other extremity. This comprehensive assessment can help to identify potential issues with circulation, strength, and skin integrity, and can also provide a baseline for ongoing assessments. Rebound tenderness in both the arms and legs, skin turgor, and moisture (choice B) are not typically assessed during a physical assessment of the extremities. Assessing the measurements in centimeters of each extremity, pulses, and varicosities (choice C) may be appropriate in certain situations, but it is not a comprehensive assessment of the extremities. Assessing pulses, strength, range of motion, percussion, odor, and edema (choice D) is also not a comprehensive assessment of the extremities and may not provide a complete picture of the client's condition. Therefore, the most appropriate assessment when conducting a physical assessment of the extremities is to assess pulses, capillary refill, strength, edema, skin, and compare with the other extremity.
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