A nurse is assessing a patient with Eczema and gathering information about the patient's medical history.
Which aspect of the patient's history should the nurse prioritize when assessing for Eczema?

Choice A rationale:

"Eczema is mainly a result of overactive mast cells." This statement is not entirely accurate.

While mast cells and their release of histamines play a role in eczema symptoms, the pathophysiology of eczema is more complex.

It involves not only mast cell activation but also abnormalities in the skin barrier and immune system response.

Choice B rationale:

"It's due to a healthy skin barrier preventing allergens." This statement is not accurate.

In eczema, there is a dysfunction in the skin barrier, which allows allergens and irritants to penetrate more easily.

A healthy skin barrier is supposed to provide protection against these environmental factors.

Choice C rationale:

"Eczema involves an abnormal immune response and skin barrier dysfunction." This statement is accurate.

Eczema is characterized by both an abnormal immune response and dysfunction in the skin barrier.

The immune system reacts excessively to environmental triggers, leading to inflammation and the classic symptoms of eczema, such as redness, itching, and dry skin.

Choice D rationale:

"The primary cause of Eczema is excessive water retention in the skin." This statement is not accurate.

Eczema is not primarily caused by excessive water retention in the skin.

In fact, the skin barrier dysfunction in eczema can lead to increased loss of moisture from the skin, contributing to dryness and exacerbating symptoms.

Choice A rationale:

Recommending harsh cleansers is not appropriate for managing Eczema.

Eczema is characterized by dry, sensitive skin, and using harsh cleansers can further irritate and dry out the skin.

Harsh cleansers can strip the skin of its natural oils, leading to increased dryness and exacerbation of Eczema symptoms.

Choice B rationale:

Suggesting that regular moisturization is not essential for managing Eczema is incorrect.

Moisturization is a fundamental component of Eczema management.

Patients with Eczema should use moisturizers regularly to keep their skin hydrated, which helps in reducing itchiness and preventing flare-ups.

Choice C rationale:

Advising against the avoidance of triggers in Eczema management is inaccurate.

Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as certain allergens or irritants, is crucial in managing Eczema.

Avoiding triggers helps prevent flare-ups and reduces the severity of symptoms.

Choice D rationale:

Recommending the use of gentle cleansers for skincare is the correct guidance for Eczema management.

Gentle cleansers are mild and do not contain harsh chemicals or fragrances that can irritate the skin.

Using gentle cleansers helps in maintaining the skin's natural moisture barrier and reduces the risk of Eczema flare-ups.