A nurse is assessing an adult client who is receiving morphine via continuous IV infusion. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the priority finding?

A) Increased urinary output: Ondansetron is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist commonly used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting, particularly in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and postoperative nausea and vomiting. While increased urinary output may be indicative of improved hydration status or renal function, it is not a direct indicator of ondansetron's effectiveness in controlling nausea and vomiting. Therefore, it is not the most appropriate finding to assess the effectiveness of ondansetron.

B) Reduced dizziness: Ondansetron primarily targets nausea and vomiting by blocking serotonin receptors in the gastrointestinal tract and the chemoreceptor trigger zone. While dizziness may sometimes accompany nausea and vomiting, its reduction may not directly correlate with the effectiveness of ondansetron. Additionally, dizziness can have various causes beyond nausea and vomiting, such as orthostatic hypotension or vestibular dysfunction. Therefore, reduced dizziness alone may not reliably indicate the effectiveness of ondansetron.

C) Absence of peripheral neuropathy: Peripheral neuropathy refers to damage or dysfunction of peripheral nerves, commonly resulting in symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or weakness in the extremities. Ondansetron is not indicated for the treatment of peripheral neuropathy, and its effectiveness in controlling nausea and vomiting would not directly influence the presence or absence of peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, this finding is unrelated to the effectiveness of ondansetron in managing nausea and vomiting.

D) Decreased nausea: Ondansetron is primarily prescribed to alleviate nausea and vomiting associated with various conditions. Therefore, a decrease in nausea would indicate that ondansetron is effective in achieving its therapeutic goal. Assessing the client's level of nausea and observing a reduction in nausea symptoms after administering ondansetron is a direct and appropriate way to evaluate its effectiveness in controlling nausea and vomiting. Thus, decreased nausea is the most accurate indicator of ondansetron's effectiveness among the options provided.

A) Naloxone: This is the correct medication to anticipate administering for opioid toxicity. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that competitively blocks opioid receptors, reversing the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension. Administering naloxone can quickly reverse the toxic effects of opioids and restore adequate ventilation and consciousness in the client.

B) Atropine: Atropine is not indicated for opioid toxicity. It is an anticholinergic medication used to treat bradycardia and to decrease respiratory secretions, but it does not reverse the effects of opioids.

C) Midazolam: Midazolam is a benzodiazepine medication used for sedation, anxiety reduction, and induction of anesthesia. While it may be used as an adjunct in the management of acute agitation or seizures, it is not the primary medication for reversing opioid toxicity.

D) Dexamethasone: Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid medication with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. It is not indicated for the treatment of opioid toxicity.