A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has dysphagia and is experiencing dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Tachycardia

Hypertension

Distended neck veins

Decreased respiratory rate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The expected finding in an older adult client with dysphagia and dehydration is tachycardia. Tachycardia, an increased heart rate, is a common finding in dehydration as the body tries to compensate for the decreased fluid volume.
The other choices (hypertension, distended neck veins, and decreased respiratory rate) are not typically associated with dehydration in this context.
here's an explanation of why these choices are incorrect:
1.   Hypertension: Dehydration usually leads to a decrease in blood volume, resulting in low blood pressure rather than hypertension. Hypertension is not a typical finding in dehydration.
2.   Distended neck veins: Dehydration causes a decrease in blood volume, which results in decreased venous return to the heart. Consequently, distended neck veins would not be an expected finding.
3.   Decreased respiratory rate: Dehydration itself does not directly affect respiratory rate. However, severe dehydration can lead to electrolyte imbalances, such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels), which can affect brain function and potentially lead to changes in respiratory rate. However, decreased respiratory rate is not a common finding in dehydration alone.
It's important to remember that dehydration can have various signs and symptoms, including dry mucous membranes, decreased urine output, increased thirst, dry skin, dizziness, and confusion.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Drinking iced tea with meals can increase the amount of iron absorbed.

This statement is not correct. Drinking iced tea, especially black tea, can inhibit the absorption of iron. It contains compounds that interfere with the body's ability to absorb non-heme iron, which is found in plant-based foods and supplements. Therefore, this information is not accurate and should not be included in the teaching.

B) Drinking orange juice with iron supplements can decrease absorption.

This statement is not correct either. In fact, drinking orange juice with iron supplements can enhance iron absorption. This is because orange juice is a good source of vitamin C, which helps the body absorb non-heme iron more effectively. So, this information is inaccurate and should not be included in the teaching.

C) Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron.

This statement is correct. Heme iron is found in animal-based sources like fish and poultry, and it is more readily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron from plant-based sources.

D) Cooking in a stainless steel skillet increases the amount of iron in the food.

This statement is not accurate. Cooking in a stainless steel skillet does not significantly increase the iron content in food. The type of iron in the skillet is not the same as the dietary iron, and it doesn't transfer in significant amounts to the food being cooked. Therefore, this information is not correct and should not be included in the teaching.

So, the nurse should include the information from option C, which is accurate: "Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron." Options A, B, and D contain inaccurate information and should be avoided in the teaching to ensure the client receives correct guidance for managing iron deficiency anemia.

A. "Set meal times immediately after physical activity." B. "Avoid snacks between meals." C. "Allow the toddler to feed himself." D. "Provide different food for the toddler than the parents."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse should include the instruction to "allow the toddler to feed himself" in the teaching. Allowing toddlers to self-feed promotes independence and helps develop their fine motor skills.

It also allows them to explore different textures and tastes of food, which can contribute to their overall development and acceptance of a variety of foods.

"Set meal times immediately after physical activity": It is not necessary to schedule meals immediately after physical activity. It is more important to focus on regular meal and snack times throughout the day to ensure the toddler's nutritional needs are met.

"Avoid snacks between meals": Snacks are an important part of a toddler's diet as they have small stomachs and may not be able to consume enough food during regular meal times.

Nutritious snacks can provide additional energy and nutrients to support their growth and development. However, it is important to choose healthy snacks and avoid excessive consumption of sugary or high-calorie snacks.

"Provide different food for the toddler than the parents": It is generally recommended to offer the same types of healthy foods to both the toddler and the rest of the family. This helps promote family meals and exposes the child to a variety of flavors and textures. However, the food may need to be prepared or served in a way that is suitable for the toddler's age and developmental stage (e.g., cut into small pieces or mashed).

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A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has dysphagia and is experiencing dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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