A nurse is assessing clients for skin integrity. Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for developing skin breakdown?

A client who has occasional urinary incontinence

A client who has inadequate nutrition

A client who has moderate Alzheimer's disease

A client who is paraplegic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Paraplegia significantly increases the risk of skin breakdown due to immobility, lack of sensation, and prolonged pressure on specific areas of the body. These clients require meticulous skin care and frequent repositioning to prevent pressure injuries.

A While urinary incontinence can contribute to skin breakdown, especially if not managed properly, it may not pose as great a risk compared to other factors like poor nutrition or immobility.

B. Poor nutrition compromises skin integrity by reducing the skin's ability to repair and maintain itself, making it more susceptible to breakdown. This factor significantly increases the risk of developing pressure ulcers and other skin lesions.

C. Clients with Alzheimer's disease may have increased risk due to various factors such as mobility issues, impaired sensation, and difficulty with self-care. However, the degree of risk can vary depending on the stage of the disease and individual circumstances.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F","G"]

Explanation

Blood glucose 310 mg/dL (74 to 106 mg/dL)
The initial blood glucose level was 468 mg/dL, indicating severe hyperglycemia, likely due to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The decrease to 310 mg/dL suggests that the insulin therapy is starting to bring the blood glucose levels down towards normal range. This reduction is a positive sign of response to treatment.

Client urinating 100 mL/hour
This indicates improved kidney function compared to the initial presentation where the client reported frequent urination and nausea. Adequate urine output (typically more than 30 mL/hour) is crucial in managing DKA as it signifies improved renal perfusion and clearance of ketones and glucose from the blood.

Client is tolerating soft diet and oral fluids
This indicates improvement in gastrointestinal function and resolution of nausea, which is consistent with the ondansetron administration for nausea control. It also suggests that the client's appetite and overall condition are improving.

Bilateral pedal pulses 2+
Initially, the pulses were 1+, indicating poorer peripheral perfusion. Bilateral pedal pulses becoming 2+ suggest improved circulation, likely due to the correction of acidosis and hydration status with fluid and electrolyte

Blood pressure
The improvement in the blood pressure indicates that the client is out of the dehydration state caused by DKA.

Pulse rate
Resolution of tachycardia is a good indicator of improved hydration status

Respiratory rate
The decrease in respiratory rate is an indicator of improving acidosis and resolution of Kussmaul breathing common in DKA.

A. Collect three samples from a single bowel movement. B. Wear sterile gloves when collecting the sample. C. Discard samples that contain urine. D. Take the sample from the outer edge of formed stool.

Correct Answer is ["C"]

Explanation

A To obtain reliable results, it is generally recommended to collect samples from different areas of the stool across multiple bowel movements rather than from a single sample.

detecting occult blood if it is present in the stool but not evenly distributed throughout. It also helps to reduce the chance of obtaining a false negative result.

C. Urine can interfere with the accuracy of fecal occult blood testing, leading to false positive results. Therefore, any sample that contains visible urine should be discarded to prevent inaccurate test results.

B. While gloves should be worn to maintain standard precautions and prevent direct contact with feces, sterile gloves are not required for this procedure. Standard medical examination gloves are sufficient to ensure hygiene and prevent contamination during sample collection.

D. The guaiac smear should be performed on a small portion of stool obtained from different areas within the bowel movement, not specifically from the outer edge of formed stool. The goal is to sample from different parts to increase the likelihood of detecting any occult blood present.

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A nurse is assessing clients for skin integrity. Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for developing skin breakdown?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F","G"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to obtain a guaiac smear sample from a client for fecal occult blood testing. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Correct Answer is ["C"]

Explanation

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