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A nurse is assisting a patient in making dietary choices that promote healthy bowel elimination. Which menu option should the nurse recommend?

Grapes and walnut chicken salad sandwich on whole wheat bread. A healthy diet for the bowel should include foods high in bulk-forming fiber.

Dinner salad topped with hard-boiled eggs, cheese, and fat-free dressing

Broccoli and cheese soup with potato bread

Turkey and mashed potatoes with brown gravy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Grapes and walnut chicken salad sandwich on whole wheat bread. Whole wheat bread and grapes are rich in fiber, which promotes regular bowel movements and prevents constipation.

B. Dinner salad topped with hard-boiled eggs, cheese, and fat-free dressing. This meal lacks sufficient fiber. Cheese and eggs can contribute to constipation.

C. Broccoli and cheese soup with potato bread. While broccoli has fiber, the cheese and potato bread are low in fiber and may contribute to constipation.

D. Turkey and mashed potatoes with brown gravy. This meal is low in fiber, and gravy can be high in fat, which may slow digestion.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Uremia is a buildup of waste products in the blood due to kidney failure, leading to confusion, nausea, and other systemic symptoms rather than acute urinary incontinence.

B. Cystitis (bladder infection) causes inflammation, urgency, frequency, dysuria, and can lead to sudden incontinence in older adults, particularly those with weakened immune systems or cognitive impairment.

C. Diverticulitis is an inflammation of the colon’s diverticula, leading to abdominal pain and bowel disturbances, not urinary incontinence.

D. Nephrosclerosis is a chronic condition involving kidney damage due to hypertension or diabetes, which may lead to kidney failure but does not directly cause acute urinary incontinence.

A. RBC 4.9 mm3 B. Serum potassium 4.0 mEq/L C. Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL D. BUN 100 mg/dL

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. RBC 4.9 mm³: Chronic glomerulonephritis often leads to anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production, so a normal RBC count is unexpected.

B. Serum potassium 4.0 mEq/L : Kidney disease often leads to hyperkalemia (K⁺ >5.0 mEq/L) due to impaired potassium excretion.

C. Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/Dl: Chronic kidney disease results in increased creatinine levels (>1.3 mg/dL) due to reduced glomerular filtration.

D. BUN 100 mg/dL: BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) is elevated in kidney dysfunction. Normal BUN is 6–20 mg/dL, and a BUN of 100 mg/dL suggests severe renal impairment.

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A nurse is assisting a patient in making dietary choices that promote healthy bowel elimination. Which menu option should the nurse recommend?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports a sudden onset of urinary incontinence. The nurse should recognize which of the following conditions can cause incontinence in the older adult client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has chronic glomerulonephritis. Which of the following is an expected finding for this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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