A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?
25% albumin
Dextrose 10% in water
Dextrose 5% in water
Dextran 40
The Correct Answer is C
C. Dextrose 5% in water is a hypotonic solution that contains 5 grams of dextrose in each 100 mL of water. It provides free water without adding significant sodium, which helps to dilute the elevated sodium levels in hypernatremia. This solution is effective in correcting hypernatremia by promoting water movement from the intravascular space into the cells and extracellular space.
A. Albumin solutions are primarily used for volume expansion and to increase oncotic pressure in conditions like hypoalbuminemia or shock. They do not provide free water and are not typically used for treating hypernatremia.
B. Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution used primarily for providing calories and treating hypoglycemia. It does not correct hypernatremia because it does not significantly affect sodium levels or provide sufficient free water to dilute sodium.
D. Dextran 40 is a colloid solution that is used for volume expansion in hypovolemia or shock. It does not provide free water and is not indicated for correcting hypernatremia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Recapping needles increases the risk of needlestick injuries. Needles used for arterial blood gas (ABG) specimens should never be recapped because this action significantly increases the likelihood of accidental puncture wounds.
B. Recapping needles can lead to accidental needlesticks, so it's safer to avoid this practice. Instead, needles should be immediately disposed of in a puncture-proof sharps container.
CA Recapping needles is strongly discouraged because it increases the risk of needlestick injuries. Placing needles in a regular wastebasket does not provide adequate protection from needlestick injuries and is not in line with safe disposal practices.
D. Breaking needles is hazardous and increases the risk of needlestick injuries. Needles should never be manipulated or broken before disposal. They should be placed intact in a sharps disposal container to prevent accidental exposure.
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
A. Diarrhea is a common side effect associated with ondansetron, which is used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.
B. Ondansetron can potentially cause changes in glucose metabolism, leading to hyperglycemia, especially in clients with diabetes mellitus. Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential during ondansetron administration, particularly in clients who are already predisposed to hyperglycemia.
D. Headache is a potential adverse effect of ondansetron. It is listed as a common side effect and should be monitored, especially in older adults who may be more sensitive to medication effects.
C. Ondansetron can affect the QT interval rather than the PR interval. It may cause QT interval prolongation, which can predispose the client to arrhythmias
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