A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports persistent vomiting, dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in his fingers and toes, and around his mouth.
The nurse notes the client's respirations are slow and shallow.
The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Metabolic acidosis.
Metabolic alkalosis.
Respiratory alkalosis.
Respiratory acidosis.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Metabolic acidosis would likely present with rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), not slow and shallow breathing.
Choice B rationale:
The client’s symptoms of vomiting (which can cause a loss of stomach acid), dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in the extremities and around the mouth are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.
Choice C rationale:
Respiratory alkalosis would likely present with rapid breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.
Choice D rationale:
Respiratory acidosis would likely present with rapid, shallow breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Initiating diuretic therapy is incorrect because it would further decrease the client’s already low calcium level.
Choice B rationale:
Implementing seizure precautions is correct because hypocalcemia can cause neuromuscular irritability and seizures.
Choice C rationale:
Preparing the client for hemodialysis is incorrect because it is not the first-line treatment for hypocalcemia.
Choice D rationale:
Administering phosphate is incorrect because it would further decrease the client’s already low calcium level.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The thickest part of the heart is not the upper chambers but the lower chambers, specifically the left ventricle. This is because it needs to pump blood to the entire body.
Choice B rationale:
Blood leaves the heart through the lower chambers, or ventricles, not the upper chambers.
Choice C rationale:
Blood enters the heart through the upper chambers, or atria. This is where deoxygenated blood from the body and oxygenated blood from the lungs first enter the heart.
Choice D rationale:
The term “ventricles” refers to the lower chambers of the heart, not the upper chambers.
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