A nurse is assisting with the admission of an infant who has experienced vomiting and loose, watery stools for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings indicates that the child is experiencing moderate dehydration?

Anuria

A 7% weight loss from baseline

Нуреrpnea

Lethargy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Anuria: Anuria, or the absence of urine output, indicates severe dehydration or acute renal failure rather than moderate dehydration. Moderate dehydration usually presents with decreased but not absent urine output, as the body still tries to conserve fluids.

B. A 7% weight loss from baseline: A weight loss of 6% to 9% of body weight is consistent with moderate dehydration in infants and children. This measurable sign is a critical and objective indicator used to assess the severity of dehydration, particularly following prolonged vomiting or diarrhea.

C. Hyperpnea: Hyperpnea, or abnormally deep and rapid breathing, can be seen in cases of severe dehydration or metabolic acidosis. It is not a classic finding of moderate dehydration, where respiratory patterns are usually normal or only mildly affected.

D. Lethargy: Lethargy typically suggests severe dehydration rather than moderate. In moderate dehydration, the infant may be irritable or thirsty but usually maintains normal mental status without profound decreases in responsiveness or alertness.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ringing in the ears: Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) is not a common adverse effect of enoxaparin. It is typically associated with medications like aspirin or other salicylates, not low-molecular-weight heparins like enoxaparin.

B. Black, tarry stools: Black, tarry stools are a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding, which is a serious potential adverse effect of anticoagulant medications like enoxaparin. Clients taking enoxaparin should be instructed to report this symptom immediately, as it could indicate internal bleeding.

C. Fine hand tremors: Fine hand tremors are not a known adverse effect of enoxaparin. They are more commonly associated with other medications, such as certain psychiatric drugs or neurologic conditions.

D. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect of enoxaparin. While gastrointestinal symptoms can occur with many medications, it is not a primary concern or indication for discontinuing enoxaparin.

A. "Let's review hormonal contraceptives first" B. "I will provide you with more information about this” C. "Have you considered other alternatives” D. "Natural family planning is not beneficial for everyone.”

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Let's review hormonal contraceptives first": Redirecting the conversation to hormonal contraceptives ignores the client’s expressed preference. Effective communication involves respecting client choices and supporting informed decision-making rather than pushing alternative methods first.

B. "I will provide you with more information about this": This response supports the client’s autonomy by offering information tailored to their expressed interest. Providing education about natural family planning, including techniques and effectiveness, allows the client to make an informed and empowered decision.

C. "Have you considered other alternatives": While exploring options is sometimes appropriate, immediately questioning the client's choice may feel dismissive. It is important to first respect and address the client's initial interest before introducing other possibilities if needed.

D. "Natural family planning is not beneficial for everyone.": Although this statement may be true in some cases, it is not an appropriate initial response. It risks discouraging the client prematurely rather than fostering an open, supportive discussion about how to use natural family planning effectively.

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A nurse is assisting with the admission of an infant who has experienced vomiting and loose, watery stools for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings indicates that the child is experiencing moderate dehydration?

Nursing Test Bank

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