A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has hypocalcemia. For which of the following signs should the nurse monitor?
Kernig's sign
Brudzinski's sign
Chvostek's sign
Cullen's sign
The Correct Answer is C
(A) Kernig’s sign: Kernig’s sign is a clinical sign in which severe stiffness of the hamstrings causes an inability to straighten the leg when the hip is flexed to 90 degrees. It is commonly associated with meningitis, not hypocalcemia.
(B) Brudzinski’s sign: Brudzinski’s sign is a symptom of meningitis. It is not associated with hypocalcemia.
(C) Chvostek’s sign: This is the most appropriate answer. Chvostek’s sign is a clinical sign of existing nerve hyperexcitability (tetany) seen in hypocalcemia. It refers to an abnormal reaction to the stimulation of the facial nerve.
(D) Cullen’s sign: Cullen’s sign is a medical term referring to superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus. It is not associated with hypocalcemia.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Abdominal pain: Abdominal pain is not typically associated with respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis is a condition that occurs when the lungs can’t remove enough carbon dioxide, resulting in an acidic blood pH.
B. Lethargy: Lethargy is a common symptom of respiratory acidosis. Patients may experience fatigue, especially during the daytime1. This is due to the increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood, which can cause confusion, drowsiness, and fatigue
C. Dry skin: Dry skin is not a common symptom of respiratory acidosis. The condition primarily affects the respiratory system and does not typically cause skin changes.
D. Numbness of fingers: While numbness of fingers can be a symptom of various conditions, it is not typically associated with respiratory acidosis. The primary symptoms of respiratory acidosis are related to increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood, such as lethargy and confusion.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Qualitative studies are considered to be one type of Level I evidence: Qualitative studies are not typically considered Level I evidence. The hierarchy of evidence is a rating system used to evaluate the strength of evidence presented in medical research. Level I evidence usually includes systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials.
B. Level Vil evidence comes from a meta-analysis of multiple peer-reviewed studies: This statement is not accurate. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews are usually considered Level I evidence, as they provide the highest level of evidence. They synthesize and analyze multiple studies on a topic to provide a comprehensive view of the current evidence.
C. Level I evidence includes evidence found in nursing textbooks: Nursing textbooks are not considered Level I evidence. They often include a mix of different levels of evidence, from expert opinion to systematic reviews. While they are a valuable resource for background information and clinical guidelines, they do not represent the highest level of evidence.
D. Level I evidence is considered to be the best evidence to support EBP: This is correct. Level I evidence, which includes systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials, is considered the highest level of evidence and provides the most reliable basis for decision-making in evidence-based practice
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