A nurse is caring for a 1-year-old child who has been hospitalized. Which of the following items in the child's room is a common source of health care-associated infection?

A. A dietitian is essential for managing cystic fibrosis because CF often leads to malabsorption of nutrients and requires a high-calorie, high-fat diet to support growth and maintain weight. Children with CF may also need enzyme supplements to aid in digestion. However, this can be done after addressing the respiratory concerns.
B. Regular physical therapy is important for helping the child with respiratory exercises and techniques to clear mucus from the lungs, as well as improving overall physical conditioning and endurance. Physical therapy helps manage and prevent complications related to lung function, which is a key concern in CF.
C. A speech-language pathologist can be helpful in assessing and treating communication and swallowing disorders but they are not typically the primary focus in the management of cystic fibrosis unless the child has specific issues related to speech or swallowing that are not common in CF.
D. An occupational therapist helps children develop skills for daily living and fine motor skills. While this can be beneficial for children with various conditions, it is not usually a primary focus for a child with cystic fibrosis unless there are specific concerns related to fine motor skills or activities of daily living.

D. Before using the inhaler, the child should exhale fully to empty the lungs and ensure that the medication can be effectively inhaled. This step prepares the airways to receive the medication.

B. As the child starts to inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece, they should simultaneously depress the canister to release the medication. This coordinated action ensures that the medication is delivered into the lungs.

C. After inhaling the medication, the child should hold their breath for about 10 seconds (or as long as comfortable). This allows the medication to settle in the airways and improves its effectiveness.

A. After holding the breath, the child can remove the inhaler from their mouth. This step concludes the inhalation process and allows the child to exhale normally.