A nurse is caring for a 54-year-old male client who has been admitted to the hospital for peptic ulcer disease. The client will begin a long-term regimen of omeprazole (Prilosec). The nurse understands that the patient will be at high risk for developing which of the following complications? (Select All That Apply.)
Osteoporosis and fractures
Torsades de Pointes
Nausea
Rebound acid hypersecretion
Correct Answer : A,D
A. Long-term use of omeprazole is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures due to decreased calcium absorption caused by reduced stomach acid. This complication is significant in older adults, particularly with prolonged therapy.
B. Torsades de Pointes is not a common complication of omeprazole. QT prolongation is more often linked to medications like ondansetron or antiarrhythmics.
C. Nausea is not a typical complication of omeprazole; rather, it is a symptom the drug may help alleviate as part of managing gastrointestinal conditions.
D. Rebound acid hypersecretion can occur after discontinuation of omeprazole. The body may produce an excessive amount of acid to compensate for the previous suppression, leading to worsening symptoms if the medication is abruptly stopped.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Prolonged QT interval – This is correct. Ondansetron can cause prolongation of the QT interval, increasing the risk of arrhythmias, including torsades de pointes. This is a serious complication that requires monitoring, particularly in clients with cardiac risks.
B. Extrapyramidal symptoms – This is incorrect. Ondansetron does not typically cause extrapyramidal symptoms, which are more associated with dopamine antagonists like metoclopramide or prochlorperazine.
C. Nausea – This is incorrect. Ondansetron is specifically used to treat nausea and vomiting, not to cause them. If nausea persists, it may indicate treatment failure or another underlying issue.
D. Vomiting – This is incorrect. Ondansetron is an antiemetic and works to prevent vomiting. Vomiting would not be a complication of this medication under proper use.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ondansetron agonizes serotonin receptors on afferent vagal neurons. – This is incorrect. Ondansetron works by blocking, not activating, serotonin (5-HT3) receptors in areas involved in nausea and vomiting.
B. Ondansetron agonizes serotonin receptors in the medulla oblongata. – This is incorrect. Ondansetron does not act as an agonist at serotonin receptors in the medulla oblongata; instead, it antagonizes receptors to reduce nausea.
C. Ondansetron agonizes dopaminergic receptors in the vestibular apparatus. – This is incorrect. Ondansetron does not affect dopaminergic receptors or the vestibular apparatus. Medications like promethazine address dopaminergic pathways.
D. Ondansetron blocks serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. – This is correct. Ondansetron acts as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, blocking serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vagal nerve terminals, effectively preventing nausea and vomiting.
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