A nurse is caring for a client who is taking metformin (Glucophage) and is scheduled to undergo angiography using iodine-containing contrast dye. The nurse should identify that an interaction between metformin and the IV contrast dye increases the client's risk for which of the following conditions?

Hyperglycemia

Acute renal failure

Acute pancreatitis

Acute liver failure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hyperglycemia: While metformin is used to manage blood glucose levels in clients with diabetes, its interaction with contrast dye does not directly lead to hyperglycemia. However, the risk for kidney injury, which can affect glucose regulation, is a concern.

B. Acute renal failure: This is correct. The combination of metformin and iodine-containing contrast dye increases the risk of acute renal failure, also known as contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). This occurs because contrast agents can cause kidney damage, and metformin is excreted by the kidneys. If renal function is impaired, the buildup of metformin can lead to lactic acidosis.

C. Acute pancreatitis: While acute pancreatitis is a possible side effect of metformin in some individuals, the primary concern with iodine-containing contrast dye is renal failure, not pancreatitis.

D. Acute liver failure: Metformin is primarily metabolized by the kidneys, not the liver, and does not commonly cause liver failure. Renal failure is the more pressing concern with the use of contrast dye in clients taking metformin.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Lipohypertrophy – This is correct. Lipohypertrophy is the thickening of subcutaneous fat that can occur from repeated insulin injections at the same site. This can interfere with insulin absorption, leading to inconsistent glucose control. Rotating injection sites prevents this complication and ensures even absorption of insulin.

B. Injection pain – This is incorrect. Injection pain is typically related to technique or needle size rather than the location. Rotating injection sites does not specifically address this issue.

C. Rapid absorption – This is incorrect. Rotating injection sites does not necessarily prevent rapid absorption but ensures more consistent absorption rates.

D. Intradermal injection – This is incorrect. Intradermal injection occurs when the needle is not inserted deep enough, unrelated to rotating injection sites.

A. Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) B. Metoclopramide (Reglan) C. Scopolamine (Scopace) D. Ondansetron (Zofran)

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A. Dimenhydrinate is an antihistamine commonly used to treat motion sickness by reducing the stimulation of the vestibular system.

B. Metoclopramide is not used for motion sickness. Its primary use is for nausea and vomiting caused by conditions such as gastroparesis or chemotherapy, as it works by enhancing gastrointestinal motility.

C. Scopolamine is specifically indicated for motion sickness. It acts as an anticholinergic to reduce the effects of motion on the vestibular system.

D. Ondansetron is not used for motion sickness. It is a serotonin antagonist primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy, radiation, or postoperative recovery.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a client about self-administering regular insulin. The nurse should instruct the client to rotate injection sites to prevent which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following medications are not used to treat motion sickness? (Select All That Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed prochlorperazine (Compazine) for postoperative nausea. Which of the following reported signs can indicate a potential complication of this medication?

A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed ondansetron (Zofran) for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Which of the following is a complication associated with this medication?

Three hours after self-administering regular insulin subcutaneously, the client contacts you at the provider's office by telephone to report that she is shaking, sweating, and has a rapid pulse. Which of the following actions should you NOT advise her to take? (Select All That Apply.)

A nurse is preparing to educate a patient who has newly been prescribed sucralfate (Carafate) for the management of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). What is the mechanism of action for this medication?

A nurse is teaching a 49-year-old male client who has been newly prescribed cimetidine (Tagamet HB) for the management of peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?