A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD). The nurse should recognize that which of the following accurately describes Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)?
(Select All that Apply.)

DMD is an inherited X-linked recessive trait

Most Clients with DMD are wheelchair dependent by age 12

The disease leads to progressive muscle degeneration.

Clients with DMD are never able to ambulate independently.

Disease progression always requires hospitalization

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A.   Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene, which is X-linked, meaning it is passed down from carrier mothers to affected sons. It primarily affects boys.
B.   Children with DMD usually lose the ability to walk by the age of 12 due to progressive muscle weakness.
C.   DMD is characterized by the progressive degeneration and weakness of the skeletal muscles, leading to loss of function over time.
D.   While most children with DMD will become wheelchair-bound, some may be able to ambulate independently until the early teenage years, before losing the ability to walk.
E.   Hospitalization is not always required for DMD. Treatment may include outpatient therapies and management of symptoms. The need for hospitalization depends on complications.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Clear bilateral breath sounds are not typical in PDA; instead, crackles or signs of respiratory distress may be present.
B. Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is common due to the increased pulmonary blood flow from the PDA.
C. A machine-like murmur heard at the right upper sternal border is characteristic of PDA.
D. Cyanosis is typically not present in isolated PDA unless the PDA is large and leads to right-to-left shunting.
E. Difficulty feeding is a common symptom because the newborn may tire easily due to inefficient circulation and increased work of breathing.

A. No venipuncture or blood pressure in either arm. B. Avoid administering nephrotoxic medications. C. Collect all urine. D. Strict fluid restrictions.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Wilms' tumor is a kidney tumor, and the child should not have blood pressure measured or venipuncture done on the affected side to avoid any potential injury to the kidney.
B. This is important in care but is not the primary immediate precaution. The main focus is to avoid injury to the affected kidney.
C. While urine collection is important for monitoring kidney function, it is not a warning sign for Wilms' tumor.
D. This may be necessary later in the treatment but is not a primary concern for the initial care of a child with Wilms' tumor.

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A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD). The nurse should recognize that which of the following accurately describes Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a newborn with suspected Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). What signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to find when assessing the newborn? (Select All That Apply).

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is admitting a child with a suspected diagnosis of Wilm's tumor. The nurse should place a sign with which of the following warnings about this child?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A school nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent client about the management of acne. Which of the following should the nurse include in the Instructions?

The nurse is caring for a newborn with a Ventricular-Septal Defect (VSD). The nurse should recognize that the signs and symptoms of this defect are? (Select All That Apply.)

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A nurse is assessing a five-month-old Infant. The nurse should recognize that which of the following manifestations is associated with a central nervous system (CNS) Infection?

A nurse is assessing a 5-month-old Infant who has had a seizure and high pitched crying with a high fever. The nurse anticipates the need for which diagnostic testing?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a defect that allows blood flow from the left side to the right side of the heart through an abnormal connection. Which of the following defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?

A nurse is assessing an infant following a motor vehicle crash. Which of the following findings indicate increased intracranial pressure in an Infant?

A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD). The nurse should recognize that which of the following accurately describes Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)?
(Select All that Apply.)