A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old client who has been diagnosed with an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select All That Apply)

Right Atrial Enlargement

Left Atrial Enlargement

Shortness of breath.

Pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypotension

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A.   Right atrial enlargement occurs due to the increased blood flow from left to right shunting, which can cause volume overload in the right atrium.
B.   Left atrial enlargement is typically seen in conditions that cause increased left atrial pressure, such as mitral valve disease or left-sided heart failure, not in ASD.
C.   Shortness of breath is a common symptom due to increased blood flow to the lungs, which can lead to pulmonary congestion.
D.   Pulmonary hypertension may develop over time due to increased blood flow and pressure in the pulmonary circulation from the left-to-right shunting of blood.
E.   Pulmonary hypotension is not associated with ASD. The condition typically leads to increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries, not decreased pressure

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. CPR is not typically necessary unless the child stops breathing or the heart stops during the seizure, which is rare.
B. Restraining a child during a seizure can cause injury. The focus should be on safety and protection, not restraint.
C. Lorazepam may be given if the seizure lasts too long, but ensuring safety is the priority action.
D. The nurse’s priority during a seizure is to ensure the child’s safety by removing hazardous items from the area and ensuring the child does not get injured.

A. Swelling in all extremities. B. Frequent lung infections. C. Standard weight and growth percentile. D. Dyspnea. E. Heart murmur.

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Swelling in all extremities is not typically a symptom of VSD; it may indicate a different cardiac or renal issue.
B. Frequent lung infections are common in children with VSD due to pulmonary congestion.
C. Standard weight and growth percentile is not typical for VSD, as the child may experience failure to thrive.
D. Dyspnea occurs due to increased blood flow to the lungs and pulmonary congestion.
E. A heart murmur is a hallmark of VSD, heard due to the abnormal flow of blood through the septal defect.

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A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old client who has been diagnosed with an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select All That Apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a child who is having a tonic-clonic seizure. What is the nurse's priority action during the seizure?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a newborn with a Ventricular-Septal Defect (VSD). The nurse should recognize that the signs and symptoms of this defect are? (Select All That Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

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