A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy. The nurse should assess for which potential adverse effects of long-term antiretroviral therapy?
GI intolerance and neutropenia
T-cell count of 500 and diarrhea
Anorexia and constipation
Bone demineralization and thrush
The Correct Answer is A
A. GI intolerance and neutropenia: Antiretroviral therapy can cause gastrointestinal intolerance, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Neutropenia, a decrease in neutrophil count, can also occur as a side effect of some antiretroviral medications.
B. T-cell count of 500 and diarrhea: While diarrhea can be a side effect of antiretroviral therapy, a T-cell count of 500 is not necessarily an adverse effect and may indicate effective treatment.
C. Anorexia and constipation: Anorexia and constipation are not commonly associated with antiretroviral therapy. However, gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea are more common.
D. Bone demineralization and thrush: Bone demineralization (osteoporosis) can occur as a long- term complication of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy, but it is not a direct adverse effect of antiretroviral medications. Thrush (oral candidiasis) can occur in HIV-infected individuals, but it is not specifically related to antiretroviral therapy.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Reports of joint pain: Joint pain is more indicative of musculoskeletal issues rather than chronic renal disease. While joint pain can occur in some types of kidney disease, progressive edema is a more specific symptom.
B. Increase in appetite: An increase in appetite is not typically associated with chronic renal disease. Instead, clients with kidney disease may experience a decrease in appetite due to various factors such as nausea, vomiting, and changes in taste.
C. Progressive edema: Progressive edema, especially in the lower extremities and around the eyes (periorbital edema), can be a significant indicator of declining kidney function. It results from fluid retention due to impaired kidney filtration.
D. Recent increase in thirst: While increased thirst can be a symptom of chronic renal disease, it is not as specific as progressive edema. Increased thirst may occur due to other conditions or factors such as diabetes mellitus or dehydration.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I will take my medication even if symptoms improve." This statement indicates understanding of the importance of medication compliance in managing SLE, as symptoms may improve but the disease may still be active.
B. "I will not have my hair dyed or relaxed unless I am in a period of remission." This statement shows awareness of avoiding potential triggers for disease flare-ups during active periods of SLE.
C. "I will sunbathe as often as possible to ensure I get enough vitamin D." Sun exposure can trigger or worsen SLE symptoms, and individuals with SLE are often advised to avoid excessive sun exposure and to use sun protection to minimize flare-ups.
D. "I will report any fever to my healthcare provider immediately." This statement demonstrates understanding of the importance of monitoring for signs of infection or disease flare-ups, which can be common in SLE.
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