A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department (ED).

Exhibits

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is []

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome refers to the collection of symptoms that occur when individuals who are dependent on alcohol abruptly reduce or stop their alcohol intake.

Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam or lorazepam, are commonly used to manage symptoms such as anxiety, tremors, and seizures.

Providing a safe environment also ensures that the client does not involve in self-harming activities due to hallucinations.

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is associated with an increased risk of seizures, particularly within the first 48 hours after cessation of alcohol consumption. Seizures can range from mild to severe and may be life-threatening if not promptly managed.

Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances due to increased urinary output, decreased fluid intake, and poor nutrition. Additionally, alcohol withdrawal itself can exacerbate fluid and electrolyte disturbances due to vomiting, diarrhea, diaphoresis, and increased metabolic demand.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Mouthwash and other products containing alcohol should be avoided while taking disulfiram. Even small amounts of alcohol (such as those found in mouthwash) can lead to adverse reactions when combined with disulfiram.

A. Disulfiram should be taken on an empty stomach, preferably in the morning, to enhance absorption and efficacy. Taking it with food may decrease absorption and reduce its effectiveness in deterring alcohol consumption.

B. Disulfiram tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed or broken. Crushing the tablets can alter their release mechanism and affect their intended action. However, avoidance of alcohol based substances is more important.

C. Grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications by inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver, affecting drug metabolism. However, there is no specific interaction between grapefruit juice and disulfiram.

A. The client tells the nurse he is a government agent. B. The client tells the nurse that he is too tired to attend the group meeting. C. The client states. "I see purple bugs crawling on the wall." D. The client states, "My heart is pounding out of my chest."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. This statement indicates symptoms of anxiety, which alprazolam is commonly prescribed to alleviate. Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine medication with anxiolytic properties, meaning it helps reduce feelings of anxiety and promote relaxation.

A. This statement suggests the presence of delusional thinking, which is a common symptom of schizophrenia. Alprazolam is not typically indicated for the treatment of delusions associated with schizophrenia.

B. While fatigue may be distressing for the client, it is not an indication for the use of alprazolam. Alprazolam is specifically prescribed for the management of anxiety symptoms.

C. This statement suggests the presence of hallucinations, which are another common symptom of schizophrenia. Alprazolam is not indicated for the treatment of hallucinations associated with schizophrenia.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for disulfiram (Antabuse). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and generalized anxiety disorder. The client has a prescription for alprazolam 0.25 mg PO every 8 hr PRN anxiety. For which of the following client statements should the nurse consider administering alprazolam?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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