A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with HIV infection and starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) Which of the following factors should the nurse consider when selecting the appropriate ART regimen for the client? Select all that apply:.

Drug efficacy, safety, and tolerability.

CD4 count and viral load.

Availability of point-of-care testing.

The patient's preferences and preferences.

The number of opportunistic infections present.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

Choice A rationale:

The nurse should consider drug efficacy, safety, and tolerability when selecting the appropriate ART regimen for the client. Different ART drugs have varying efficacy in suppressing viral replication, potential side effects, and interactions with other medications. This consideration helps ensure the chosen regimen is effective and well-tolerated by the client.

Choice B rationale:

CD4 count and viral load are essential factors to consider when starting ART. The CD4 count reflects the client's immune status, and the viral load indicates the level of HIV replication. These parameters help gauge disease progression and monitor the response to therapy over time.

Choice D rationale:

The patient's preferences and lifestyle should be taken into account when selecting an ART regimen. Some medications may require strict adherence schedules or specific food restrictions, and considering the patient's preferences can enhance treatment adherence and overall outcomes.

Choice E rationale:

The number of opportunistic infections present is an important consideration when starting ART. Opportunistic infections are more likely to occur in individuals with low CD4 counts and can affect the choice of ART drugs and the need for prophylactic treatments.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The client's statement about Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) is accurate. INSTIs block the enzyme integrase, preventing the insertion of HIV DNA into the host cell genome.

Choice B rationale:

This is the correct answer. The client's statement about Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) is incorrect. NNRTIs work by directly binding to reverse transcriptase, blocking its activity, and preventing HIV replication.

Choice C rationale:

The client's statement about Protease inhibitors (PIs) is accurate. PIs block the enzyme protease, inhibiting the cleavage of HIV proteins and preventing the formation of mature viral particles.

Choice D rationale:

The client's statement about Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) is accurate. NRTIs are incorporated into the growing viral DNA chain, leading to chain termination and preventing further viral replication.

A. "Candidiasis of bronchi, trachea, lungs, or esophagus is one of the opportunistic infections.” B. "Kaposi's sarcoma is an opportunistic infection that can define AIDS.” C. "Encephalopathy, HIV-related, is an opportunistic infection associated with AIDS.” D. "I can discontinue my antiretroviral therapy once the CD4 count is below 200 cells/uL.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

This statement is correct. Candidiasis of bronchi, trachea, lungs, or esophagus is one of the opportunistic infections associated with advanced HIV disease and AIDS.

Choice B rationale:

This statement is correct. Kaposi's sarcoma is another opportunistic infection commonly associated with AIDS.

Choice C rationale:

This statement is correct. Encephalopathy, HIV-related, is an opportunistic infection that can define AIDS.

Choice D rationale:

This statement is incorrect. Antiretroviral therapy is a lifelong treatment for HIV infection, and its discontinuation should not be based solely on the CD4 count falling below 200 cells/uL. The client needs further education on the importance of continuous treatment to manage HIV effectively and prevent opportunistic infections.

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A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with HIV infection and starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) Which of the following factors should the nurse consider when selecting the appropriate ART regimen for the client? Select all that apply:.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with HIV infection asks the nurse about the different classes of antiretroviral drugs used for treatment. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further education?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with advanced HIV disease. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further education about the opportunistic infections that define AIDS?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client asks the nurse about HIV prevention measures. Which option provides biomedical interventions for HIV prevention?

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