A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. When creating the nutritional plan of care for the client, which of the following foods would be appropriate to include?

Raw vegetables with dip

Granola bars

Macaroni and cheese

Dried fruit

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Raw vegetables can be challenging for individuals with myasthenia gravis because they require significant chewing and can lead to fatigue of the jaw muscles. Additionally, raw vegetables can be difficult to swallow if there is significant weakness.
B.   Granola bars can be hard and require extensive chewing. For a person with myasthenia gravis, the effort needed to chew and swallow these bars can lead to increased fatigue and difficulty managing meals.
C.   Macaroni and cheese is a softer food that requires less chewing compared to raw vegetables or granola bars. It can be easier for individuals with myasthenia gravis to manage because it is soft and less likely to cause fatigue. Additionally, it can be enriched with nutrients and is easier to swallow, making it a more appropriate choice for a nutritional plan for someone with MG.
D.   Dried fruit is typically tough and chewy, which can be difficult for someone with myasthenia gravis to handle. The chewing effort required can lead to muscle fatigue and discomfort.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. While corticosteroids are sometimes used in critical care settings, they are not specifically used to prevent stress ulcers. In fact, corticosteroids can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and may require additional measures to protect the stomach lining.
B. Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) used primarily for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). It works as an anticoagulant, preventing blood clots. While enoxaparin is important for preventing thromboembolic events in critically ill patients, it does not specifically address the prevention of stress ulcers.
C. Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that reduces gastric acid production by inhibiting the proton pumps in the stomach lining. PPIs are commonly used to prevent and treat stress ulcers because they help decrease gastric acid secretion, thereby reducing the risk of ulcer formation and bleeding. This makes pantoprazole the appropriate medication to administer to prevent physiologic stress ulcers in a patient with sepsis on a ventilator.
D. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used for pain relief and inflammation. NSAIDs can actually increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration, especially in critically ill patients.

A. Loss of central vision and distortion of lines B. Floaters and flashes of light C. Cloudy vision and glaring of lights D. Loss of peripheral vision

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. AMD affects the macula, which is responsible for central vision and fine detail. As the condition progresses, patients often experience a gradual loss of central vision, which can make it difficult to read, recognize faces, and perform tasks that require sharp vision. Distortion of straight lines (metamorphopsia) is also common, where straight lines may appear wavy or bent.
B. Floaters and flashes of light are more commonly associated with conditions affecting the vitreous body of the eye or retinal detachment, rather than AMD. These symptoms can occur due to changes in the vitreous gel or as a result of other retinal issues, but they are not the primary symptoms of AMD.
C. Cloudy vision and glare are typically associated with cataracts, not AMD. Cataracts cause the lens of the eye to become cloudy, leading to blurred vision and increased sensitivity to glare. AMD does not cause the lens to cloud, so these symptoms are not characteristic of AMD.
D. Loss of peripheral vision is more characteristic of glaucoma rather than AMD. AMD primarily affects central vision, leaving peripheral vision relatively intact until the disease progresses to an advanced stage. Glaucoma, on the other hand, often leads to a gradual loss of peripheral vision.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. When creating the nutritional plan of care for the client, which of the following foods would be appropriate to include?

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Correct Answer is A

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