A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer prior to chemotherapy?

Diphenhydramine

Ondansetron

Sertraline

Methylprednisolone

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B.   Ondansetron is a commonly used medication for preventing nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy. It belongs to a class of drugs called serotonin receptor antagonists, which work by blocking serotonin receptors in the brain and gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing the sensation of nausea and the urge to vomit. Ondansetron is often administered prior to chemotherapy to help prevent these side effects.
A. Diphenhydramine works by blocking histamine receptors in the brain that trigger nausea and vomiting. However, it is not commonly used as a first-line antiemetic for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
C.   Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant and is not used specifically for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
D.   Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Dehydration can lead to a decrease in blood volume and subsequent hypotension (low blood pressure) as the body tries to conserve fluid.

A, B, D are features of fluid overload.

A. Administer oxygen to the client. B. Collect a urine sample. C. Stop the infusion. D. Check the client's vital signs.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Suspending the infusion of packed RBCs is essential to prevent further administration of the blood product that may be causing the adverse reaction. Stopping the infusion allows for further assessment and appropriate management of the client's symptoms.
A. The client's symptoms of chills, lower back pain, and nausea suggest a potential transfusion reaction rather than respiratory compromise.
B. Collecting a urine sample may be indicated to assess for hemolysis or kidney injury, which can occur as a result of a transfusion reaction. However, this action can be deferred until after immediate interventions to manage the suspected reaction.
D. While checking the client's vital signs is important in assessing the severity of the reaction and the client's overall condition, it is not the first action to take when a transfusion reaction is suspected.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer prior to chemotherapy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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