A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive tuberculin skin test. The nurse understands that this test is an example of what type of hypersensitivity? (Select all that apply.)
Type I hypersensitivity
Type II hypersensitivity
Type III hypersensitivity
Type IV hypersensitivity
Type V hypersensitivity
Correct Answer : D,E
Choice A reason: Type I hypersensitivity is not involved in tuberculin skin test, as it does not involve IgE antibodies or mast cells.
Choice B reason: Type II hypersensitivity is not involved in tuberculin skin test, as it does not involve IgG or IgM antibodies or target cells.
Choice C reason: Type III hypersensitivity is not involved in tuberculin skin test, as it does not involve immune complexes or complement activation.
Choice D reason: Type IV hypersensitivity is involved in tuberculin skin test, as it involves the activation of helper T cells that recognize the mycobacterial antigens injected into the skin and release cytokines that recruit macrophages and other inflammatory cells. This leads to a delayed and indurated reaction at the site of injection.
Choice E reason: Type V hypersensitivity is also involved in tuberculin skin test, as it involves the activation of cytotoxic T cells that recognize the mycobacterial antigens presented by MHC class I molecules on infected cells and destroy them by releasing perforin and granzymes. This leads to a cell-mediated reaction at the site of infection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice B reason: SLE is not an immunodeficiency disease, as it does not cause a reduced number or function of immune cells. Immunodeficiency diseases are characterized by increased susceptibility to infections and malignancies due to impaired immune response.
Choice C reason: SLE is not an infectious disease, as it is not caused by bacteria or viruses that invade the body. Infectious diseases are characterized by fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, and organ-specific symptoms due to microbial invasion and replication.
Choice D reason: SLE is not a neoplastic disease, as it does not cause an abnormal growth and proliferation of immune cells. Neoplastic diseases are characterized by masses or tumors that result from uncontrolled cell division and differentiation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice B reason: A type II hypersensitivity reaction is not involved in bee sting allergy, as it does not involve IgG or IgM antibodies or target cells.
Choice C reason: A type III hypersensitivity reaction is not involved in bee sting allergy, as it does not involve immune complexes or complement activation.
Choice D reason: A type IV hypersensitivity reaction is not involved in bee sting allergy, as it does not involve cytotoxic T cells or helper T cells.
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